Dear MPKB Reader: You have arrived at one of the articles that has not yet completed the development and review process in the knowledge base. Some of the content here may be helpful, but please know that this page is not complete. There are about 400 articles in the KB, and this is one we just haven't gotten around to. Thanks for your patience.

Hashimoto's disease

Thyroid. 2011 Feb;21(2):161-7. Epub 2010 Dec 27. Hashimoto's thyroiditis affects symptom load and quality of life unrelated to hypothyroidism: a prospective case-control study in women undergoing thyroidectomy for benign goiter. Ott J, Promberger R, Kober F, Neuhold N, Tea M, Huber JC, Hermann M. Source Department of Surgery, Kaiserin Elisabeth Spital, Vienna, Austria. johannes.ott@meduniwien.ac.at Erratum in Thyroid. 2011 Apr;21(4):467. Abstract BACKGROUND: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common disease, and is the most prevalent cause of hypothyroidism. Symptoms and diseases associated with HT are considered to be caused by hypothyroidism. We hypothesized that higher antithyroperoxidase (anti-TPO) antibody levels would be associated with an increased symptom load and a decreased quality of life in a female euthyroid patient collective.

METHODS: In a prospective cohort study 426 consecutive euthyroid female patients undergoing thyroid surgery for benign thyroid disease were included. Main outcome measures were preoperative anti-TPO levels, a symptom questionnaire and the SF-36 questionnaire, and lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid tissue as evaluated by histology.

RESULTS: Histology revealed HT in 28/426 (6.6%) subjects. To maximize the sum of the predictive values, a cut-off point for anti-TPO of 121.0 IU/mL was calculated (sensitivity 93.3% [95% confidence interval: 77.9%-99.0%]; specificity 94.7% [95% confidence interval: 92.0%-96.7%]) to predict the presence of histological signs of HT. The mean number of reported symptoms was significantly higher in patients with anti-TPO levels >121.0 IU/mL than in the other group (6.7 ± 2.5 vs. 4.1 ± 2.8; p < 0.001). There were no differences in preoperative thyroid-stimulating hormone levels (1.7 ± 1.3 vs. 1.5 ± 1.4 μU/mL, respectively; p = 0.155). Chronic fatigue, dry hair, chronic irritability, chronic nervousness, a history of breast cancer and early miscarriage, and lower quality-of-life levels were significantly associated with anti-TPO levels exceeding the cut-off point (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Women with HT suffer from a high symptom load. Hypothyroidism is only a contributing factor to the development of associated conditions.

Nanba, T., M. Watanabe, et al. (2009). “Increases of the Th1/Th2 cell ratio in severe Hashimoto's disease and in the proportion of Th17 cells in intractable Graves' disease.” Thyroid 19(5): 495-501. 19415997

BACKGROUND: T helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, and Th17 cells produce interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-17A, respectively. We reported that IFN-gamma and IL-4 gene polymorphisms, which are related to higher IFN-gamma and lower IL-4 production, respectively, are more frequent in patients with severe Hashimoto's disease (HD) than in those mild HD. We now aim to investigate the proportion of peripheral Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). METHODS: We studied 17 patients with HD who developed hypothyroidism and were treated with l-thyroxine, referred to as severe HD; 17 untreated patients with HD who were euthyroid, referred to as mild HD; 18 euthyroid patients with Graves' disease (GD) who remained positive for anti-thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) despite being treated with anti-thyroid drugs for more than 5 years, referred to as intractable GD; and 17 patients with GD who were euthyroid and negative for TRAb for more than 2 years after cessation of anti-thyroid drugs, referred to as GD in remission; and 10 control subjects without AITD. By the definitions in this study Th1 cells were CD4(+)IFN-gamma(+)IL-4(-)IL-17A(-) cells, Th2 cells were CD4(+)IFN-gamma(-)IL-4(+)IL-17A(-) cells, and CD4(+)IFN-gamma(-)IL-4(-)IL-17A(+) cells were Th17 cells. RESULTS: The proportion of peripheral Th1 cells was higher in patients with severe HD than in patients with mild HD (p < 0.05), and the proportion of peripheral Th2 cells was lower in patients with severe HD than in patients with mild HD (p < 0.001). Therefore the Th1/Th2 ratio was higher in severe than in mild HD patients (p < 0.001). The proportion of peripheral Th17 cells in patients with AITD was higher than in control subjects and the proportion of these cells in patients with intractable GD was higher than in patients with GD in remission (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The peripheral Th1/Th2 cell ratio is related to the severity of HD, and the proportion of Th17 cells is related to the intractability of GD. We hypothesize that these patterns of peripheral Th cell subsets may be expressed within the thyroid.

Psychol Med. 2009 Sep;39(9):1567-76. Epub 2009 Jan 15. Neuropsychological functioning, illness perception, mood and quality of life in chronic fatigue syndrome, autoimmune thyroid disease and healthy participants. Dickson A, Toft A, O'Carroll RE. Source School of Health and Social Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, UK. a.dickson@napier.ac.uk Abstract BACKGROUND: This study attempted to longitudinally investigate neuropsychological function, illness representations, self-esteem, mood and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and compared them with both healthy participants and a clinical comparison group of individuals with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD).

METHOD: Neuropsychological evaluation was administered at two time points, five weeks apart. Twenty-one individuals with CFS, 20 individuals with AITD and 21 healthy participants were matched for age, pre-morbid intelligence, education level and socio-economic status (SES). All groups also completed measures of illness perceptions, mood, self-esteem and QoL at both time points.

RESULTS: The CFS group showed significantly greater impairment on measures of immediate and delayed memory, attention and visuo-constructional ability, and reported significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression. After controlling for the effects of mood, the CFS group still demonstrated significant impairment in attention. The CFS group also reported significantly lower self-reported QoL than the AITD and healthy participants. In terms of illness perceptions, the AITD group believed that their condition would last longer, that they had more treatment control over their condition, and reported less concern than the CFS group.

CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the primary cognitive impairment in CFS is attention and that this is not secondary to affective status. The lower treatment control perceptions and greater illness concerns that CFS patients report may be causally related to their affective status.

Evidence of infectious cause

Sample PubMed cite¹

“Prevalence of Yersinia plasmid-encoded outer protein (Yop) class-specific antibodies in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis” ; S. Chatzipanagiotou, J. Legakis, F. Boufidou, V. Petroyianni, C.Nicolaou, Clinical Microbiology & Infection, Volume 7, Number 3, March 2001 , pp. 138-143(6); Blackwell Publishing

“Incidences of antibodies to Yersinia enterocolitica: high incidence of serotype O5 in autoimmune thyroid diseases in Japan”; Asari S, Amino N, Horikawa M, Miyai K.; Central Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.

“Association of Parvovirus B19 Infection and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis in Children”; Hartwig W. Lehmann, Nicola Lutterbüse, Annelie Plentz, Ilker Akkurt, Norbert Albers, Berthold P. Hauffa, Olaf Hiort, Eckhard Schoenau, Susanne Modrow. Viral Immunology. September 2008, 21(3): 379-384. doi:10.1089/vim.2008.0001.

Keywords: diseases, incomplete

Notes and comments

===== Symptoms ===== ===== Management ===== ===== Other treatments ===== ===== Tests ===== ===== Diagnosis ===== ===== Epidemiology ===== ===== Types ===== ===== Evidence of infectious cause===== ===== Role of vitamin D metabolism ===== ===== Politics ===== ===== Patient interviews ===== ===== Presentations and publications=====

 However please note that S354 thru S357 (Impact of MP on hormones, pages 1 thru 4) are missing; refused me access for some unknown reason, so that content is still needed.--dody 2/22/09

s206:

Thyroid function affects bone health

Close to our science is this paper showing that the Alpha Thyroid receptor is key to bone structure. http://tinyurl.com/mlaea

A simpler summary of what is known is found here http://tinyurl.com/nwpaj

My molecular genomics shows that 1,25-D directly acts on the alpha-1-Thyroid receptor, with higher affinity even than it has for the VDR. This is clearly an important pathway towards the osteopenia we often see in Th1 disease, especially when folks exhibit hypothyroid symptoms.

…Trevor…

s201:

Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)

Anemia Anorexia Anxiety Breathing Difficulties (shortness of breath) Constipation Depression Diarrhea Dyslexia (difficulty with reading, calculating, thinking) Erratic behavior, Excessive mood swings Eye problems (blurring; double vision; gritty, achy, dry, irritated red eyes; bulging eyes; light sensitivity; jumpy eyes; watery eyes) Fatigue (all the time, despite sleep sufficiency) Fertility problems Goiter (enlarged thyroid gland) Hair problems ( thinning and loss, textural changes) Hearing disabilities (tinnitus, ear ringing among them) High blood pressure High cholesterol Hypersensitivity to heat (heat intolerance) Increased appetite Increased frequency of stools (without diarrhea) Increased sweating Insomnia or restless sleep Low resistance to infections Menstrual changes (flow, duration) Mental challenges (forgetfulness, brain fog, uncontrollable rages) Muscle weakness (arm triceps, leg quadriceps) Nail problems Osteoporosis (demineralization and weakening of the bones) Palpitations (rapid, forceful or irregular heart beats) PMS (premenstrual syndrome) Restlessness Sexual dysfunction (low drive in both sexes, impotence in men) Skin Changes (rashes, dry, itchy, patchy) Swelling (facial, eye or leg) Tachycardia (rapid heart beat) Throat problems (difficulty swallowing, sore throat) Tremors (shaking hands) Voice changes (hoarse, husky) Weakness (overall, all the time) Weight fluctuation (gain or more commonly loss, 6-10 lbs.)

………………………………………………………………………

Conceptually the 'hyper' condition (without supplementation) would occur with a hormone when a different part of the concentration control-system becomes dysfunctional. The hormonal systems typically keep their hormones under tight control. Pathogen-induced-mutations pervert that control.

..Trevor..

s200:

Basic information on thyroid disease

Thyroid Disorders [INTERNAL LINK–I don't know how to create the link here–dody 2/22/09]

s208, s209:

Wilson's syndrome (filelink)

Wilson's syndrome is controversial.

This article explains why The American Thyroid Association states there is

…no scientific evidence supporting the existence of “Wilson's syndrome.”

and the rebuttal:

http://www.wilsonsthyroidsyndrome.com/OpinionsOnWTS.htm

Please research carefully and discuss this issue which your doctor.

Nothing contained in this site is or should be considered, or used as a substitute for, medical advice, diagnosis or treatment by your physician. Meg Mangin R.N. Former Team Member

Joined: Sat Jul 10th, 2004 Location: Menomonie, Wisconsin USA Posts: 17283 Status: Offline

Posted: Thu Jan 11th, 2007 20:17

Quote Reply

(filelink) Members' experiences

I am watching my (thyroid) antibody count drop as I progress on the MP. I've been on the MP for almost a year now. My Thyroid itself has been herxing, as the nasty bugs die and irritate the tissue,so the thyroid can't work as well, as I have noted at the start of each phase: my TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone = demand for thyroid to “produce more juice” ) jumped when I started phase I and again on phase II & III. That went along with pain and swelling in my throat and hair-loss, which was a hypo-thyroid symptom. Then it levelled out as my body progressed through the phases.

So a chart of my TSH would show a spike each time, as herxing commenced, then return to normal. However, my thyroid antibodies count, which started “off the chart” has steadily declined throughout. From >1000 to something in the 200s. I look forward to seeing a big fat 'zero' one day I know we officially “don't believe in autoimmunity” according to the MP theory, however the mainstream medical community does, and anything that can illustrate “recovery from autoimmunity” is useful as well as heartening.

The hair-loss is something I've come to expect and it grows back each time - giving an interesting natural “layered” effect! HaHaHa~Claudia

-When I became jittery, anxious, restless, or teary-eyed, I soon came to realize that my physician needed to adjust my thyroid medication. Thus, please understand that your body is experiencing great hormonal changes as you progress on the protocol, so the new or repeated symptoms are to be expected. ~Carole

-My thyroid medication was reduced and then ceased when I noticed more chest symptoms. ~Aussie Barb

-I got an email from my doctor today, My Vit D level is down to 11 and my TSH is WAY low. He told me to stop my cytomel immediately. I am having minimal symptoms and my hot flashes have completely vanished within the last week or so. ~ctaegar (member in phase 2 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis)

Patients experiences with thyroid supplementation

Related FAQs:

Is hair change common in Th1 diseases? [internal link]

s354, s355, s356, s357 = Impact of MP on hormones, pages 1 thru 4: For some odd reason, although logged into the site (and it said so on the page), I got the you-do-not-have-permission message when I tried to access these pages. I tried to re-log in but of course I was already logged in… So these 4 are missing here.–Dody 2/22/09

s204:

The effect of Th1 inflammation on the thyroid hormones

Dr. Marshall has created a diagram summarizing some of the key relationships between the body's hormones and 1,25-D. You can access it at http://autoimmunityresearch.org/hormones.pdf

References

^1. Marshall TG Vitamin D discovery outpaces FDA decision making. Bioessays. 2008;30:173-82.

^2. Chatzipanagiotou S, Legakis JN, Boufidou F, Petroyianni V, Nicolaou C Prevalence of Yersinia plasmid-encoded outer protein (Yop) class-specific antibodies in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2001;7:138-43.

Last modified: 01.02.2012