Marshall Protocol Knowledge Base - home:othertreatments:antibacterials

Beta-lactam antibiotics

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:53 +0000

08.11.2019		current
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	The Beta-lactam antibiotics are a broad class of antibiotics that includes the penicillins and the cephalosporins. Ceftriaxone (Rocephin), a cephalosporin, is sometimes given intravenously to patients with Lyme disease.		The Beta-lactam antibiotics are a broad class of antibiotics that includes the penicillins and the cephalosporins. Ceftriaxone (Rocephin), a cephalosporin, is sometimes given intravenously to patients with Lyme disease.

-	The Beta-lactams are ineffective against the pathogens which cause chronic disease as they can't enter into human cells,(({{pubmed>long:21297670}})) but perhaps more importantly actually foster the growth of L-form bacteria.	+	The Beta-lactams are ineffective against the pathogens which cause chronic disease as they can't enter into human cells,(({{pmid>long:21297670}})) but perhaps more importantly actually foster the growth of L-form bacteria.

	Patients who are offered penicillin antibiotics to treat strep or other acute infections should ask for an alternative such as claforan (Cefotaxime).		Patients who are offered penicillin antibiotics to treat strep or other acute infections should ask for an alternative such as claforan (Cefotaxime).
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	<blockquote>Clinical persistence of //Borrelia burgdorferi// in patients with active Lyme borreliosis occurs despite obviously adequate antibiotic therapy....		<blockquote>Clinical persistence of //Borrelia burgdorferi// in patients with active Lyme borreliosis occurs despite obviously adequate antibiotic therapy....

-	//V. Mursic, et al.// (({{pubmed>long:8811359}}))</blockquote>	+	//V. Mursic, et al.// (({{pmid>long:8811359}}))</blockquote>

	In fact, Lida Mattman, who authored what remains the definitive textbook on L-form bacteria describes how to "induce" the bacterial forms in a penicillin medium:		In fact, Lida Mattman, who authored what remains the definitive textbook on L-form bacteria describes how to "induce" the bacterial forms in a penicillin medium:
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	<blockquote>One hour after placing Proteus in a penicillin medium, the nuclear material may gather into one or two chromatin granules which gradually proliferate to form a small peripheral wreath.... As Hirokawa cultured //E. coli// in penicillin broth, the DNA content per cell increased more than 4 times in 3 h....		<blockquote>One hour after placing Proteus in a penicillin medium, the nuclear material may gather into one or two chromatin granules which gradually proliferate to form a small peripheral wreath.... As Hirokawa cultured //E. coli// in penicillin broth, the DNA content per cell increased more than 4 times in 3 h....

-	//Lida Mattman, PhD// ((Mattman, L.H. (2000). //Cell wall deficient forms.// Third edition, [[http://books.google.com/books?id=mincr2Hi81UC&pg=PA23&vq=penicillin&dq=beta-lactam+lida+mattman+cell+wall+deficient&source=gbs_search_s&cad=0\|p. 23]].))</blockquote>	+	//Lida Mattman, PhD// ((Mattman, L.H. (2000). //Cell wall deficient forms.// Third edition, [[https://books.google.com/books?id=mincr2Hi81UC&pg=PA23&vq=penicillin&dq=beta-lactam+lida+mattman+cell+wall+deficient&source=gbs_search_s&cad=0\|p. 23]].))</blockquote>

	Later in her textbook Mattman writes:		Later in her textbook Mattman writes:
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	concentrations from 1.0 to 5000 U/ml induced the L-phase of Staphylococci.		concentrations from 1.0 to 5000 U/ml induced the L-phase of Staphylococci.

-	//Lida Mattman, PhD// ((Mattman, L.H. (2000). //Cell wall deficient forms.// Third edition, [[http://books.google.com/books?id=mincr2Hi81UC&pg=PA23&vq=penicillin&dq=beta-lactam+lida+mattman+cell+wall+deficient&source=gbs_search_s&cad=0#PPA82,M1\|p. 84]].))</blockquote>	+	//Lida Mattman, PhD// ((Mattman, L.H. (2000). //Cell wall deficient forms.// Third edition, [[https://books.google.com/books?id=mincr2Hi81UC&pg=PA23&vq=penicillin&dq=beta-lactam+lida+mattman+cell+wall+deficient&source=gbs_search_s&cad=0#PPA82,M1\|p. 84]].))</blockquote>

	===== Cephalosporins =====		===== Cephalosporins =====
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	<relatedarticle> [[home:othertreatments:antibacterials:highdose\|High-dose antibiotics]] </article>		<relatedarticle> [[home:othertreatments:antibacterials:highdose\|High-dose antibiotics]] </article>

-	Patients with Lyme disease are often given high doses of intravenous ceftriaxone (Rocephin) and without any indication that the treatment is effective – even in the short-term.(({{pubmed>long:17928580}})) In fact, Rocephin only contributes to disease over the long-term.	+	Patients with Lyme disease are often given high doses of intravenous ceftriaxone (Rocephin) and without any indication that the treatment is effective – even in the short-term.(({{pmid>long:17928580}})) In fact, Rocephin only contributes to disease over the long-term.

	{{section>:home:othertreatments:antibacterials:highdose#high-dose_ceftriaxone_rocephin_is_ineffective&firstseconly&noheader}}		{{section>:home:othertreatments:antibacterials:highdose#high-dose_ceftriaxone_rocephin_is_ineffective&firstseconly&noheader}}
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	{{tag>Other_medication}}		{{tag>Other_medication}}

-	==== Multiple ABx ====

-	[[http://www.discoverymedicine.com/Jie-Feng/2019/03/persister-biofilm-microcolony-borrelia-burgdorferi-causes-severe-lyme-arthritis-in-mouse-model/\|persistent disease: compared efficacy of 2 drug and 3 drug combination]]



		+	<nodisp>
	===== Notes and comments =====		===== Notes and comments =====

-	FDA restricts use of cephalosporin antibiotics in livestock saying it contributes to drug-resistant bacteria in humans. http://nyti.ms/yhomPV	+	FDA restricts use of cephalosporin antibiotics in livestock saying it contributes to drug-resistant bacteria in humans. https://nyti.ms/yhomPV
-	===== References =====	+	===== References =====</nodisp>

Doxycycline

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:53 +0000

10.13.2018		current
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-	{{tag>antibiotics}}	+	{{tag>Other_medication}}
		+	<nodisp>
	===== Notes and comments =====		===== Notes and comments =====


-	Does anybody have a reference for the addictive effect or other references about how doxycycline works?	+	Does anybody have a reference for the addictive effect or other references about how doxycycline works?</nodisp>

Fluoroquinolone antibiotics

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:53 +0000

High-dose antibiotic therapies

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:53 +0000

Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:53 +0000

04.28.2020		current
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	====== Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) ======		====== Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) ======

-	Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) is an anti-malarial medication used for a variety of inflammatory diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus as well as rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren's Syndrome. Hydroxychloroquine is contraindicated for Marshall Protocol patients for several reasons.	+	Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) is an anti-malarial medication used for a variety of inflammatory diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus as well as rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren's Syndrome. Long term use of hydroxychloroquine is contraindicated for Marshall Protocol patients for several reasons.


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	There are several reasons why use of hydroxychloroquine is advised against.		There are several reasons why use of hydroxychloroquine is advised against.
	* If hydroxychloroquine is effective, there is no solid molecular rationale as to why. Some doctors and researchers believe that the drug is immunomodulatory, reducing disease symptoms by limiting inflammation. If so, that action may interfere with immunopathology, which is necessary for recovery from chronic disease. Further, there is no indication that hydroxychloroquine interferes with the reproduction and survival of the intracellular pathogens which cause chronic disease.		* If hydroxychloroquine is effective, there is no solid molecular rationale as to why. Some doctors and researchers believe that the drug is immunomodulatory, reducing disease symptoms by limiting inflammation. If so, that action may interfere with immunopathology, which is necessary for recovery from chronic disease. Further, there is no indication that hydroxychloroquine interferes with the reproduction and survival of the intracellular pathogens which cause chronic disease.
-	* Hydroxychloroquine is a powerful medication and has serious and relatively common side effects. One of the most serious side effects is a toxicity in the eye,(({{pubmed>long:18427609}})) which requires regular screening even when symptom-free. It is also possible to overdose on hydroxychloroquine.(({{pubmed>long:18720511}}))	+	* Hydroxychloroquine is a powerful medication and has serious and relatively common side effects. One of the most serious side effects is a toxicity in the eye,(({{pmid>long:18427609}})) which requires regular screening even when symptom-free. It is also possible to overdose on hydroxychloroquine.(({{pmid>long:18720511}}))

	<note tip>If using Hydroxychloroquine during the COVID-19 epidemic, it seems the earlier the treatment is begun,		<note tip>If using Hydroxychloroquine during the COVID-19 epidemic, it seems the earlier the treatment is begun,
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	{{tag>Other_medication}}		{{tag>Other_medication}}
		+	<nodisp>
	===== Notes and comments =====		===== Notes and comments =====

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	===== References =====		===== References =====
		+	</nodisp>

Antibiotics under special circumstances

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:53 +0000

04.02.2019		current
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	====== Antibiotics under special circumstances ======		====== Antibiotics under special circumstances ======

-	<relatedarticle> [[home:othertreatments\|Other treatments]] , </article>	+	<relatedarticle> [[home:othertreatments\|Other treatments]] </article>

	For reasons ranging from prophylaxis to acute infections, Marshall Protocol (MP) are sometimes advised to take an antibiotic. If possible, patients ought to verify with their doctor:		For reasons ranging from prophylaxis to acute infections, Marshall Protocol (MP) are sometimes advised to take an antibiotic. If possible, patients ought to verify with their doctor:
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	While there are several reasons why the class of antibiotics known as the fluoroquinolones are not recommended as a part of the Marshall Protocol, for short-term use, the drugs may offer an option for patients who need a non-MP antibiotic.		While there are several reasons why the class of antibiotics known as the fluoroquinolones are not recommended as a part of the Marshall Protocol, for short-term use, the drugs may offer an option for patients who need a non-MP antibiotic.

-	Because fluoroquinolones do not target intracellular bacteria as do the MP antibiotics, they do not work synergistically with the MP antibiotics.(({{pubmed>long:12183224}})) This allows MP patients to continue with olmesartan (Benicar) and the MP antibiotics. It also gives patients the option to use olmesartan and/or minocycline to control their immunopathological reaction.	+	Because fluoroquinolones do not target intracellular bacteria as do the MP antibiotics, they do not work synergistically with the MP antibiotics.(({{pmid>long:12183224}})) This allows MP patients to continue with olmesartan (Benicar) and the MP antibiotics. It also gives patients the option to use olmesartan and/or minocycline to control their immunopathological reaction.

	One example of what appears to be a relatively well-tolerated cephalosporin is claforan (Cefotaxime).		One example of what appears to be a relatively well-tolerated cephalosporin is claforan (Cefotaxime).
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	{{tag>Other_medication}}		{{tag>Other_medication}}

		+	<nodisp>
	===== Notes and comments =====		===== Notes and comments =====

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	* Legacy content		* Legacy content
-	* http://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum32/1124.html	+	* https://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum32/1124.html
	*		*
	*		*

	I haven't had time to wrk on this. Biaxin and Ceftin are actually preferred over flouroquinolones now that the tendon damage due to flouroquinolones is becoming better documented. Also, I don't like the term "MP antibiotics" but I don't have time to work on this any more until after the FDA presentation,		I haven't had time to wrk on this. Biaxin and Ceftin are actually preferred over flouroquinolones now that the tendon damage due to flouroquinolones is becoming better documented. Also, I don't like the term "MP antibiotics" but I don't have time to work on this any more until after the FDA presentation,
-	===== References =====	+	===== References =====</nodisp>

10.13.2018		current
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	The following issues should be addressed when a physician is deciding whether to use fluoroquinolone antibiotics:		The following issues should be addressed when a physician is deciding whether to use fluoroquinolone antibiotics:
	* Fluoroquinolones are used by hospitals as "first-line" antibiotics. If a patient becomes sick with an opportunistic infection, it is not good to have encouraged the persistent bacteria to have developed a resistance to fluoroquinolones (potentially due to previous over-use of the drugs)		* Fluoroquinolones are used by hospitals as "first-line" antibiotics. If a patient becomes sick with an opportunistic infection, it is not good to have encouraged the persistent bacteria to have developed a resistance to fluoroquinolones (potentially due to previous over-use of the drugs)
-	* Fluoroquinolones are only a fraction as effective as minocycline in killing intracellular bacteria. (({{pubmed>long:12183224}}))	+	* Fluoroquinolones are only a fraction as effective as minocycline in killing intracellular bacteria. (({{pmid>long:12183224}}))
-	* When used frequently, undesirable side effects have been well-documented. One of the risks of fluoroquinolone antibiotics is that of tendon damage, however, this risk is reportedly relatively small for patients who are //not// taking steroids.(({{pubmed>long:12039823}}))	+	* When used frequently, undesirable side effects have been well-documented. One of the risks of fluoroquinolone antibiotics is that of tendon damage, however, this risk is reportedly relatively small for patients who are //not// taking steroids.(({{pmid>long:12039823}}))
-	* Another researched issue is retinal detachment (({{pubmed>long:25060360}})) (({{pubmed>long:22474205}})) (({{pubmed>long:24526267}})) (({{pubmed>long:24757075}})) (({{pubmed>long:24833754}})) (({{pubmed>long:25423877}})) (({{pubmed>long:25525200}})) (({{pubmed>long:26846201}})) (({{pubmed>long:26582407}})) (({{pubmed>long:26967005}}))	+	* Another researched issue is retinal detachment (({{pmid>long:25060360}})) (({{pmid>long:22474205}})) (({{pmid>long:24526267}})) (({{pmid>long:24757075}})) (({{pmid>long:24833754}})) (({{pmid>long:25423877}})) (({{pmid>long:25525200}})) (({{pmid>long:26846201}})) (({{pmid>long:26582407}})) (({{pmid>long:26967005}}))


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	{{section>:home:medications:takingnonmpantibiotics#fluoroquinolones_are_the_preferred_non-mp_antibiotics&firstseconly&noheader}}		{{section>:home:medications:takingnonmpantibiotics#fluoroquinolones_are_the_preferred_non-mp_antibiotics&firstseconly&noheader}}

-	{{tag>antibiotics}}	+	{{tag>antibiotics Other_medication}}



-		+	<nodisp>
-		+
-		+
-		+
-		+
-		+
-	{{tag>non-MP_therapies}}	+
	===== Notes and comments =====		===== Notes and comments =====

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	Reuters has a report on a new Canadian study:		Reuters has a report on a new Canadian study:

-	http://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USBRE83210420120403	+	https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USBRE83210420120403

	Even though the risk of eye damage is still low, it seems that it might be prudent for physicians to try Ceftin for acute infections, before resorting to the flouroquinolones.		Even though the risk of eye damage is still low, it seems that it might be prudent for physicians to try Ceftin for acute infections, before resorting to the flouroquinolones.
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	Antibiotics for some reason, sometimes seem to aggravate withdrawal symptoms. However, one class of antibiotics, the quinolones, actually displace benzodiazepines from their binding sites on GABA-receptors. These can precipitate acute withdrawal in people taking or tapering from benzodiazepines. It may be necessary to take antibiotics during benzodiazepine withdrawal but if possible the quinolones should be avoided. (There are at least six different quinolones - ask your doctor if in doubt).		Antibiotics for some reason, sometimes seem to aggravate withdrawal symptoms. However, one class of antibiotics, the quinolones, actually displace benzodiazepines from their binding sites on GABA-receptors. These can precipitate acute withdrawal in people taking or tapering from benzodiazepines. It may be necessary to take antibiotics during benzodiazepine withdrawal but if possible the quinolones should be avoided. (There are at least six different quinolones - ask your doctor if in doubt).
-	From: http://www.benzo.org.uk/manual/bzcha00.htm</blockquote>	+	From: https://www.benzo.org.uk/manual/bzcha00.htm</blockquote>
-	===== References =====	+	===== References =====</nodisp>

01.03.2012		current
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	The absence of inflammation is undoubtedly one of the principal reasons why patients report feeling better on high-dose antibiotics. It is also why the guidelines for the Marshall Protocol recommend doses of antibiotics low enough to avoid the problem of uninterrupted immunosuppression. The presence of a sustained immunopathological response is evidence that the MP uses antibiotics in such a way that it does not suppress the immune system.		The absence of inflammation is undoubtedly one of the principal reasons why patients report feeling better on high-dose antibiotics. It is also why the guidelines for the Marshall Protocol recommend doses of antibiotics low enough to avoid the problem of uninterrupted immunosuppression. The presence of a sustained immunopathological response is evidence that the MP uses antibiotics in such a way that it does not suppress the immune system.

-	Note that formulations which keep antibiotic concentrations at artificially high concentrations such as extended-release minocycline(({{pubmed>long:17436826}})) have a similar immunosuppressive effect as high-dose antibiotics.	+	Note that formulations which keep antibiotic concentrations at artificially high concentrations such as extended-release minocycline(({{pmid>long:17436826}})) have a similar immunosuppressive effect as high-dose antibiotics.
	==== Mechanisms of immunosuppression ====		==== Mechanisms of immunosuppression ====

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	Moreover, pre-exposure to agents that selectively inhibit protein synthesis (30S or 50S subunit inhibitors) or DNA metabolism (DNA gyrase) mitigated subsequent tPMP-1 [an antimicrobial peptide] induced killing of an otherwise susceptible //S. aureus// strain in vitro.		Moreover, pre-exposure to agents that selectively inhibit protein synthesis (30S or 50S subunit inhibitors) or DNA metabolism (DNA gyrase) mitigated subsequent tPMP-1 [an antimicrobial peptide] induced killing of an otherwise susceptible //S. aureus// strain in vitro.

-	//Michael Yeaman// (({{pubmed>long:12615953}}))	+	//Michael Yeaman// (({{pmid>long:12615953}}))
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>

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	<blockquote>You can put a patient on [high-dose] antibiotics, and it may seem that the infection has disappeared. But in a few months, it reappears, and it is usually in an antibiotic-resistant form.		<blockquote>You can put a patient on [high-dose] antibiotics, and it may seem that the infection has disappeared. But in a few months, it reappears, and it is usually in an antibiotic-resistant form.

-	[[http://www.physorg.com/news114189450.html\|Andre Levchenko]]</blockquote>	+	[[https://www.physorg.com/news114189450.html\|Andre Levchenko]]</blockquote>

	* Activation of the PXR Nuclear Receptor – Minocycline [[home:protocol:mp_antibiotics#activation_of_pregnane_x_nuclear_receptor\|acting as a PXR agonist]] may be responsible for the palliation achieved when using high-dose minocycline, a treatment advocated by the Road Back Foundation.		* Activation of the PXR Nuclear Receptor – Minocycline [[home:protocol:mp_antibiotics#activation_of_pregnane_x_nuclear_receptor\|acting as a PXR agonist]] may be responsible for the palliation achieved when using high-dose minocycline, a treatment advocated by the Road Back Foundation.
	==== Curing disease by reducing inflammation? ====		==== Curing disease by reducing inflammation? ====

-	The immunosuppressive properties of antibiotics have been long known. Labro states that the tetracycline family of antibiotics – four of which are a part of the MP's guidelines – are desirable because they inhibit "detrimental" phagocyte activity.(({{pubmed>long:11023961}}))	+	The immunosuppressive properties of antibiotics have been long known. Labro states that the tetracycline family of antibiotics – four of which are a part of the MP's guidelines – are desirable because they inhibit "detrimental" phagocyte activity.(({{pmid>long:11023961}}))

	To that end, most researchers have assumed, consistent with the autoimmune theory of disease, that using antibiotics to reduce immune activity would improve disease.		To that end, most researchers have assumed, consistent with the autoimmune theory of disease, that using antibiotics to reduce immune activity would improve disease.

-	On the basis of this understanding, scientists have put forth work concluding that the tetracyclines are anywhere from somewhat to very effective against reactive arthritis,(({{pubmed>long:1670621}})) rheumatoid arthritis,(({{pubmed>long:7993000}})) scleroderma,(({{pubmed>long:9848358}})) and periodontal disease.(({{pubmed>long:2177499}})) Other diseases for which minocycline, a kind of tetracycline, has been proposed include stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's disease.(({{pubmed>long:18220943}})) (({{pubmed>long:18477398}}))	+	On the basis of this understanding, scientists have put forth work concluding that the tetracyclines are anywhere from somewhat to very effective against reactive arthritis,(({{pmid>long:1670621}})) rheumatoid arthritis,(({{pmid>long:7993000}})) scleroderma,(({{pmid>long:9848358}})) and periodontal disease.(({{pmid>long:2177499}})) Other diseases for which minocycline, a kind of tetracycline, has been proposed include stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's disease.(({{pmid>long:18220943}})) (({{pmid>long:18477398}}))

-	One study compared the use of hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) to minocycline in early seropositive rheumatoid arthritis patients.(({{pubmed>long:11665963}})) As a part of the study, one set of patients received 200mg of minocycline per day – four times as much as minocycline as an MP patient would ever take. That arm of the trial had a better outcome at the end of the study, but the absence of any supportive follow up research or longitudinal studies is revealing.	+	One study compared the use of hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) to minocycline in early seropositive rheumatoid arthritis patients.(({{pmid>long:11665963}})) As a part of the study, one set of patients received 200mg of minocycline per day – four times as much as minocycline as an MP patient would ever take. That arm of the trial had a better outcome at the end of the study, but the absence of any supportive follow up research or longitudinal studies is revealing.

	Indeed, a number of studies have been able to demonstrate the "effectiveness" of a given antibiotic-based therapy on the basis of immunosuppression. Yet, these treatments do nothing to eradicate the bacteria causing the inflammation in the first place. This is true even of purportedly antibacterial treatments.		Indeed, a number of studies have been able to demonstrate the "effectiveness" of a given antibiotic-based therapy on the basis of immunosuppression. Yet, these treatments do nothing to eradicate the bacteria causing the inflammation in the first place. This is true even of purportedly antibacterial treatments.

-	One telling study looking at tetracycline's (the specific drug, not the family of drugs) "antibacterial" effects found that it temporarily reduced the appearance of acne, but without inhibiting the proliferation of //Propionibacterium acnes//, which has a role in causing acne.(({{pubmed>long:6237616}})) In her review, "Interference of Antibacterial Agents with Phagocyte Functions: Immunomodulation or 'Immuno-Fairy Tales'?", Labro argues exactly this.	+	One telling study looking at tetracycline's (the specific drug, not the family of drugs) "antibacterial" effects found that it temporarily reduced the appearance of acne, but without inhibiting the proliferation of //Propionibacterium acnes//, which has a role in causing acne.(({{pmid>long:6237616}})) In her review, "Interference of Antibacterial Agents with Phagocyte Functions: Immunomodulation or 'Immuno-Fairy Tales'?", Labro argues exactly this.

	<blockquote>[There is a] lack of correlation between the drug dose regimen [for //Propionibacterium acnes//] and cutaneous bacterial counts.		<blockquote>[There is a] lack of correlation between the drug dose regimen [for //Propionibacterium acnes//] and cutaneous bacterial counts.

-	//M.T. Labro// (({{pubmed>long:11023961}}))</blockquote>	+	//M.T. Labro// (({{pmid>long:11023961}}))</blockquote>

-	Earlier on in the paper, Labro concludes that when it comes to treating inflammatory diseases, immunosuppression is "recognized as the basis for antibiotic action."(({{pubmed>long:11023961}}))	+	Earlier on in the paper, Labro concludes that when it comes to treating inflammatory diseases, immunosuppression is "recognized as the basis for antibiotic action."(({{pmid>long:11023961}}))


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	===== High-dose clarithomycin is ineffective =====		===== High-dose clarithomycin is ineffective =====

-	In a 2006 trial appearing in //BMJ// (nicknamed the CLARICOL trial), 13,702 patients with a history of myocardial infarction or angina pectoria (chest pain) were given two weeks' treatment with clarithromycin 500 mg/day or matching placebo. Mortality was significantly higher in the clarithromycin arm as a result of significantly higher cardiovascular mortality. The authors concluded: "Short term clarithromycin in patients with stable coronary heart disease may cause significantly higher cardiovascular mortality. The long term safety of clarithromycin in patients with stable ischaemic heart disease should be examined."(({{pubmed>long:16339220}}))	+	In a 2006 trial appearing in //BMJ// (nicknamed the CLARICOL trial), 13,702 patients with a history of myocardial infarction or angina pectoria (chest pain) were given two weeks' treatment with clarithromycin 500 mg/day or matching placebo. Mortality was significantly higher in the clarithromycin arm as a result of significantly higher cardiovascular mortality. The authors concluded: "Short term clarithromycin in patients with stable coronary heart disease may cause significantly higher cardiovascular mortality. The long term safety of clarithromycin in patients with stable ischaemic heart disease should be examined."(({{pmid>long:16339220}}))

	These results are consistent with the explanation that immunosuppressive therapies exacerbate inflammatory diseases.		These results are consistent with the explanation that immunosuppressive therapies exacerbate inflammatory diseases.
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-	Fallon //et al// treated patients diagnosed with Lyme disease with intravenous ceftriaxone (Rocephin) for a period of 24 weeks.(({{pubmed>long:17928580}})) While patients in the experimental arm of the trial experienced improvement in pain, fatigue, and physical functioning, these changes were short-lived. According to Fallon:	+	Fallon //et al// treated patients diagnosed with Lyme disease with intravenous ceftriaxone (Rocephin) for a period of 24 weeks.(({{pmid>long:17928580}})) While patients in the experimental arm of the trial experienced improvement in pain, fatigue, and physical functioning, these changes were short-lived. According to Fallon:

	<blockquote>The improvement... was not sustained to week 24.... 10 weeks of IV ceftriaxone followed by 14 weeks of no antibiotic is not an effective strategy.		<blockquote>The improvement... was not sustained to week 24.... 10 weeks of IV ceftriaxone followed by 14 weeks of no antibiotic is not an effective strategy.

-	//B.A. Fallon, et al.// (({{pubmed>long:17928580}}))</blockquote>	+	//B.A. Fallon, et al.// (({{pmid>long:17928580}}))</blockquote>

	The study also revealed that more than one quarter of antibiotic-treated patients had significant adverse effects necessitating treatment termination.		The study also revealed that more than one quarter of antibiotic-treated patients had significant adverse effects necessitating treatment termination.
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	<blockquote>140 g of ceftriaxone should have eliminated any spirochetes present in these patients.... In sum, this is now the fourth randomized blinded trial of prolonged antimicrobial therapy in patients previously treated for Lyme disease. Like the other three, it clearly demonstrates the absence of any lasting improvement in cognitive function. Given the considerable risk of serious adverse events from prolonged [high-dose] antibiotic treatment, it is time to look elsewhere for an effective management strategy to help patients with persistent cognitive symptoms after treatment for Lyme disease. Clearly, enough is enough.		<blockquote>140 g of ceftriaxone should have eliminated any spirochetes present in these patients.... In sum, this is now the fourth randomized blinded trial of prolonged antimicrobial therapy in patients previously treated for Lyme disease. Like the other three, it clearly demonstrates the absence of any lasting improvement in cognitive function. Given the considerable risk of serious adverse events from prolonged [high-dose] antibiotic treatment, it is time to look elsewhere for an effective management strategy to help patients with persistent cognitive symptoms after treatment for Lyme disease. Clearly, enough is enough.

-	//John J. Halperin MD// (({{pubmed>long:17928578}}))</blockquote>	+	//John J. Halperin MD// (({{pmid>long:17928578}}))</blockquote>


-	Other controlled trials have found no improvement in treatment outcome when the length of the study was extended.(({{pubmed>long:17587070}}))	+	Other controlled trials have found no improvement in treatment outcome when the length of the study was extended.(({{pmid>long:17587070}}))


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	<blockquote>Under the care of one of the few treating doctors in Canada, I did six more years of high-dose antibiotics. I did experience immunopathology in response to taking many of them, but my symptoms never came close to resolving. Sometimes I would seem to reach a plateau, but then I would inevitably relapse. It seemed like the antibiotics were helping me somewhat, but taking them at high doses was like taking three steps forward and two steps backwards. When I had IV rocephin for three months, I started to feel like I was making no progress at all - it was three steps forward, three steps backwards. I think this pattern might have gone on forever if I hadn’t found the Marshall Protocol.		<blockquote>Under the care of one of the few treating doctors in Canada, I did six more years of high-dose antibiotics. I did experience immunopathology in response to taking many of them, but my symptoms never came close to resolving. Sometimes I would seem to reach a plateau, but then I would inevitably relapse. It seemed like the antibiotics were helping me somewhat, but taking them at high doses was like taking three steps forward and two steps backwards. When I had IV rocephin for three months, I started to feel like I was making no progress at all - it was three steps forward, three steps backwards. I think this pattern might have gone on forever if I hadn’t found the Marshall Protocol.

-	//Ken L., [[http://bacteriality.com/2008/03/31/interview19/\|Bacteriality inteview]]//</blockquote>	+	//Ken L., [[https://bacteriality.com/2008/03/31/interview19/\|Bacteriality inteview]]//</blockquote>


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	===== Read more =====		===== Read more =====

-	* [[http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/586226\|Chronic Lyme Disease and the "Axis of Evil"]] – discussion of the debate surrounding Lyme, one exacerbated by the fact that high-dose antibiotics are ineffective for the disease; source: Medscape (registration required)	+	* [[https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/586226\|Chronic Lyme Disease and the "Axis of Evil"]] – discussion of the debate surrounding Lyme, one exacerbated by the fact that high-dose antibiotics are ineffective for the disease; source: Medscape (registration required)


-	{{tag>antibiotics}}	+	{{tag>Other_medication}}

		+	<nodisp>
	===== Notes and comments =====		===== Notes and comments =====

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	Antibiotics have been used effectively as a means to treat bacterial infections in humans and animals for over half a century. However, through their use, lasting alterations are being made to a mutualistic relationship that has taken millennia to evolve: the relationship between the host and its microbiota. Host–microbiota interactions are dynamic; therefore, changes in the microbiota as a consequence of antibiotic treatment can result in the dysregulation of host immune homeostasis and an increased susceptibility to disease. A better understanding of both the changes in the microbiota as a result of antibiotic treatment and the consequential changes in host immune homeostasis is imperative, so that these effects can be mitigated.		Antibiotics have been used effectively as a means to treat bacterial infections in humans and animals for over half a century. However, through their use, lasting alterations are being made to a mutualistic relationship that has taken millennia to evolve: the relationship between the host and its microbiota. Host–microbiota interactions are dynamic; therefore, changes in the microbiota as a consequence of antibiotic treatment can result in the dysregulation of host immune homeostasis and an increased susceptibility to disease. A better understanding of both the changes in the microbiota as a result of antibiotic treatment and the consequential changes in host immune homeostasis is imperative, so that these effects can be mitigated.
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>
-	===== References =====	+	===== References =====</nodisp>