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        <title>Marshall Protocol Knowledge Base - home:social</title>
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            <title>Marshall Protocol Knowledge Base</title>
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        <item>
            <title>Concerns about contagiousness</title>
            <link>https://mpkb.org/home/social/contagiousness?rev=1663188827&amp;do=diff</link>
            <description>&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;&gt;01.03.2012&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;&gt;current&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 60:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 60:&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;{{tag&amp;gt;&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/strong&gt;}}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;{{tag&amp;gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;social_and_psychological&lt;/strong&gt;}}&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;nodisp&amp;gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Notes and comments =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Notes and comments =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *Legacy content&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *Legacy content&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum37/609-2.html &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum37/609-2.html &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum32/1751.html &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum32/1751.html &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum32/3812.html &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum32/3812.html &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum32/3811.html&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum32/3811.html&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;=====References=====&amp;lt;/nodisp&amp;gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;=====References=====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:47 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Stress</title>
            <link>https://mpkb.org/home/social/stress?rev=1663188827&amp;do=diff</link>
            <description>&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;&gt;02.10.2019&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;&gt;current&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Psychological stress and immune function =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Psychological stress and immune function =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;Researchers have shown that stress has certain detrimental effects on immune function, including reduced natural kill cell activity, lymphocyte populations, lymphocyte proliferation, antibody production and reactivation of latent viral infections.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:18279846}})) Such effects on the immune system have some effect on health which include, but are not limited to, delayed wound healing, impaired responses to vaccination and development and progression of cancer.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:18279846}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;Researchers have shown that stress has certain detrimental effects on immune function, including reduced natural kill cell activity, lymphocyte populations, lymphocyte proliferation, antibody production and reactivation of latent viral infections.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:18279846}})) Such effects on the immune system have some effect on health which include, but are not limited to, delayed wound healing, impaired responses to vaccination and development and progression of cancer.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:18279846}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 22:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 22:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Psychological stress and disease =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Psychological stress and disease =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;Some researchers have concluded that stressors may trigger disease in susceptible individuals. These researchers point to retrospective studies, which have found that a high proportion of certain kinds of patients reported uncommon emotional stress before disease onset.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:18190880}})) Indeed, a relationship between stress and disease has been identified in at least the following diseases:  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;Some researchers have concluded that stressors may trigger disease in susceptible individuals. These researchers point to retrospective studies, which have found that a high proportion of certain kinds of patients reported uncommon emotional stress before disease onset.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:18190880}})) Indeed, a relationship between stress and disease has been identified in at least the following diseases:  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * periodontal disease (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:17927631}}))  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * periodontal disease (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:17927631}}))  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * Graves&amp;#039; disease(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15650357}}))  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * Graves&amp;#039; disease(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15650357}}))  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * cardiovascular disease, diabetes, gastrointestinal disease, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and musculoskeletal disorders(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:12946657}}))  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * cardiovascular disease, diabetes, gastrointestinal disease, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and musculoskeletal disorders(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:12946657}}))  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * many of the common autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, insulin-dependent diabetes, and thyroid disease.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15677401}})) (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:18190880}}))&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * many of the common autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, insulin-dependent diabetes, and thyroid disease.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15677401}})) (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:18190880}}))&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 38:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 38:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;Some bacterial pathogens directly respond to stress-induced neuroendocrine hormones, reacting to stress in parallel to host immune cells. For example, when catecholaminergic nerves within the gut release norepinephrine, the local population of gram-negative bacteria, mainly //Escherichia coli//, increases by as much as 10&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;5&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;-fold.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:17229058}})) Stress hormones not only enhance growth, but also modulate expression of virulence-associated genes in some bacterial pathogens. As a result, stress-mediated changes may shift the microbial colonization patterns on the mucosal surface and alter the susceptibility of the host to infection.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:20941511}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;Some bacterial pathogens directly respond to stress-induced neuroendocrine hormones, reacting to stress in parallel to host immune cells. For example, when catecholaminergic nerves within the gut release norepinephrine, the local population of gram-negative bacteria, mainly //Escherichia coli//, increases by as much as 10&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;5&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;-fold.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:17229058}})) Stress hormones not only enhance growth, but also modulate expression of virulence-associated genes in some bacterial pathogens. As a result, stress-mediated changes may shift the microbial colonization patterns on the mucosal surface and alter the susceptibility of the host to infection.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:20941511}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;==== Stress hormones promote iron availability ====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;==== Stress hormones promote iron availability ====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;According to Sandrini //et al.//, stress hormones form complexes with iron-sequestering proteins such as transferrin and lactoferrin, reducing their affinity for iron and thus allowing bacteria to obtain iron from these ordinarily inaccessible host stores.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:19820086}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;According to Sandrini //et al.//, stress hormones form complexes with iron-sequestering proteins such as transferrin and lactoferrin, reducing their affinity for iron and thus allowing bacteria to obtain iron from these ordinarily inaccessible host stores.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:19820086}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;A second mechanism is independent of host iron and, instead, involves synthesis of a novel growth stimulator among many different species of bacteria. This autoinducer restores active growth for several pathogens, including //E. coli// O157:H7 and //Salmonella enterica//, and it also induces //Bacillus anthracis// spores to germinate. Several investigators have attempted to understand the global response of bacteria to stress hormones by looking at gene expression profiles. Interpreting these microarray analyses of enteric bacteria such as //E. coli// and //Salmonella// becomes complicated in part because of the diversity of media on which these bacteria are grown and of the varied physiological states of the cultures being profiled.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:20941511}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;A second mechanism is independent of host iron and, instead, involves synthesis of a novel growth stimulator among many different species of bacteria. This autoinducer restores active growth for several pathogens, including //E. coli// O157:H7 and //Salmonella enterica//, and it also induces //Bacillus anthracis// spores to germinate. Several investigators have attempted to understand the global response of bacteria to stress hormones by looking at gene expression profiles. Interpreting these microarray analyses of enteric bacteria such as //E. coli// and //Salmonella// becomes complicated in part because of the diversity of media on which these bacteria are grown and of the varied physiological states of the cultures being profiled.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:20941511}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 51:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 51:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;==== Epinephrine as a quorum sensing molecule ====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;==== Epinephrine as a quorum sensing molecule ====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;Epinephrine, a hormone produced in response to stress, is produced by at least one bacteria, //E. coli//, for communication with other members of the species (quorum sensing).(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:12847292}})) A pathogen which uses the same signaling molecule the body uses for stress makes sense: //E. coli// would be able to spread more effectively during times when the body is weakened. The shared use of the epinephrine molecule may also explain, at least in part, by why those with chronic diseases (who carry high pathogenic loads) are sensitive to stress.&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;Epinephrine, a hormone produced in response to stress, is produced by at least one bacteria, //E. coli//, for communication with other members of the species (quorum sensing).(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:12847292}})) A pathogen which uses the same signaling molecule the body uses for stress makes sense: //E. coli// would be able to spread more effectively during times when the body is weakened. The shared use of the epinephrine molecule may also explain, at least in part, by why those with chronic diseases (who carry high pathogenic loads) are sensitive to stress.&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;//Pseudomonas aeruginosa// PA14 offers another example of how stress hormones can aid microbes.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:19517106}}))&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;//Pseudomonas aeruginosa// PA14 offers another example of how stress hormones can aid microbes.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:19517106}}))&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;However, the stress response by the host does not appear to be detrimental in all respects. In //Salmonella// bacteria, epinephrine has been found to reduce Salmonella&amp;#039;s defense systems against antimicrobial peptides.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:18837991}}))&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;However, the stress response by the host does not appear to be detrimental in all respects. In //Salmonella// bacteria, epinephrine has been found to reduce Salmonella&amp;#039;s defense systems against antimicrobial peptides.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:18837991}}))&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Physical stress and disease =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Physical stress and disease =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 61:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 61:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;In susceptible individuals, physical stress or trauma has been accepted as a trigger for chronic disease for at least the following diseases:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;In susceptible individuals, physical stress or trauma has been accepted as a trigger for chronic disease for at least the following diseases:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * psoriasis and vitiligo (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15636084}})) &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * psoriasis and vitiligo (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15636084}})) &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * fibromyalgia (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:11961177}})) (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:16019393}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * fibromyalgia (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:11961177}})) (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:16019393}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;Motor vehicle collision trauma appears capable of triggering FM, but generally not through direct biomechanical injury. Instead, the evidence suggests that MVC trauma can act as a &amp;quot;stressor&amp;quot;... The evidence that motor vehicle collision trauma may trigger fibromyalgia meets established criteria for determining causality.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;Motor vehicle collision trauma appears capable of triggering FM, but generally not through direct biomechanical injury. Instead, the evidence suggests that MVC trauma can act as a &amp;quot;stressor&amp;quot;... The evidence that motor vehicle collision trauma may trigger fibromyalgia meets established criteria for determining causality.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;//**Samuel A. McLean,** et al.// (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:16019393}}))&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;//**Samuel A. McLean,** et al.// (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:16019393}}))&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;Microbes in combination with physical stress have been shown to induce memory dysfunction in mice. Mice were infected with the non-invasive intestinal pathogen, //Citrobacter rodentium// in the presence or absence of acute&amp;#160; stress.&amp;#160; No behavioural abnormalities were observed, either at the height of infection or following bacterial clearance. After infection clearance, however, when one group of infected mice were exposed to acute stress, however, memory dysfunction was apparent.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:20966022}}))&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;Microbes in combination with physical stress have been shown to induce memory dysfunction in mice. Mice were infected with the non-invasive intestinal pathogen, //Citrobacter rodentium// in the presence or absence of acute&amp;#160; stress.&amp;#160; No behavioural abnormalities were observed, either at the height of infection or following bacterial clearance. After infection clearance, however, when one group of infected mice were exposed to acute stress, however, memory dysfunction was apparent.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:20966022}}))&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== War – a crucible for chronic disease=====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== War – a crucible for chronic disease=====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 79:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 79:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;There are a number of circumstances inherent to war which appear to drive the prevalence of chronic disease.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;There are a number of circumstances inherent to war which appear to drive the prevalence of chronic disease.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Acquisition of new pathogens** – As discussed in a [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/19/science/19longevity.html|recent book]], among American servicemen stationed overseas during World War II, those who served in the Pacific were 1.5 times more likely to have died by 2000 than overseas personnel in other theaters.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:20161074}})) (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:3169045}})) There are a number of possible explanations for this phenomenon, but one compelling one is exposure to infections. Any event which brings together diverse groups of humans in new environments allows for the acquisition and sharing of chronic pathogens – especially war with its close quarters, and unsanitary and undersanitary conditions. Studying metabolites in urine, Dumas //et al// showed that three geographically distinct populations seemed to each have a distinct microbiota. Interestingly, people who recently moved between regions began to take on the metabolic profile of that region – an observation which implies the sharing of bacteria.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:16579598}})) &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Acquisition of new pathogens** – As discussed in a [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/19/science/19longevity.html|recent book]], among American servicemen stationed overseas during World War II, those who served in the Pacific were 1.5 times more likely to have died by 2000 than overseas personnel in other theaters.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:20161074}})) (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:3169045}})) There are a number of possible explanations for this phenomenon, but one compelling one is exposure to infections. Any event which brings together diverse groups of humans in new environments allows for the acquisition and sharing of chronic pathogens – especially war with its close quarters, and unsanitary and undersanitary conditions. Studying metabolites in urine, Dumas //et al// showed that three geographically distinct populations seemed to each have a distinct microbiota. Interestingly, people who recently moved between regions began to take on the metabolic profile of that region – an observation which implies the sharing of bacteria.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:16579598}})) &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Physical trauma and stress** – Fibromyalgia patients are more likely to report significant physical trauma prior to disease onset.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:11961177}})) (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:16019393}})) as are patients with psoriasis.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long: 15636084}})) Trauma, of course, is more common during wartime. &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Physical trauma and stress** – Fibromyalgia patients are more likely to report significant physical trauma prior to disease onset.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:11961177}})) (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:16019393}})) as are patients with psoriasis.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long: 15636084}})) Trauma, of course, is more common during wartime. &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Psychological stress** – Studies have linked traumatic stress exposures to a wide variety of conditions.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15677401}})) (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15677401}})) American Gulf War veterans have high rates of anxiety disorders.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:19322107}})) One study of World War II prisoners of war found that those who suffered posttraumatic stress disorder were at higher risk of cardiovascular disease including hypertension and chronic ischemic heart disease.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15994096}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Psychological stress** – Studies have linked traumatic stress exposures to a wide variety of conditions.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15677401}})) (({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15677401}})) American Gulf War veterans have high rates of anxiety disorders.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:19322107}})) One study of World War II prisoners of war found that those who suffered posttraumatic stress disorder were at higher risk of cardiovascular disease including hypertension and chronic ischemic heart disease.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:15994096}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Use of vaccines**&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Use of vaccines**&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 88:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 88:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;Epidemiological evidence that war predisposes combatants, their families, and other noncombatants to increased rates of certain chronic diseases. These conditions include:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;Epidemiological evidence that war predisposes combatants, their families, and other noncombatants to increased rates of certain chronic diseases. These conditions include:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Hypertension and obesity** – Among, displaced Croatians who survived the Croatian War of Independence, there were significantly higher rates of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and obesity as compared to a control group.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:10402725}}))  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Hypertension and obesity** – Among, displaced Croatians who survived the Croatian War of Independence, there were significantly higher rates of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and obesity as compared to a control group.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:10402725}}))  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Cancer** – Another study also looking at Croatians found that those who got breast cancer during the war, as opposed to the time before and after the war, were significantly more likely to get it earlier in life and to survive for less time.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:14746159}})) &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Cancer** – Another study also looking at Croatians found that those who got breast cancer during the war, as opposed to the time before and after the war, were significantly more likely to get it earlier in life and to survive for less time.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:14746159}})) &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Chronic Fatigue Syndrome** –&amp;#160; Fourteen years after deployment, 1991 Gulf War veterans continue to report a higher prevalence of many adverse health outcomes, compared with Gulf Era veterans including unexplained multi-symptom illness, chronic fatigue syndrome-like illness, posttraumatic stress disorder, and functional impairment.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:19322107}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Chronic Fatigue Syndrome** –&amp;#160; Fourteen years after deployment, 1991 Gulf War veterans continue to report a higher prevalence of many adverse health outcomes, compared with Gulf Era veterans including unexplained multi-symptom illness, chronic fatigue syndrome-like illness, posttraumatic stress disorder, and functional impairment.(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:19322107}}))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 102:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 102:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Read more =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Read more =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.asmscience.org/search?value1=%22endocrinology+comes+of+age%22&amp;amp;option2=contenttype&amp;amp;operator2=AND&amp;amp;option1=all&amp;amp;value2=|Microbial Endocrinology Comes of Age (Microbe Magazine)]] – Mark Lyte and Primrose Freestone explain how microorganisms interact with host endocrine systems, augmenting disease processes and possibly playing a role in development&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;Mast cell activation plays an important role in stress-mediated disease pathogenesis.&amp;#160;&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;(({{pmid&amp;gt;long:30837843}}))&amp;#160;  &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/strong&gt;* [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.asmscience.org/search?value1=%22endocrinology+comes+of+age%22&amp;amp;option2=contenttype&amp;amp;operator2=AND&amp;amp;option1=all&amp;amp;value2=|Microbial Endocrinology Comes of Age (Microbe Magazine)]] – Mark Lyte and Primrose Freestone explain how microorganisms interact with host endocrine systems, augmenting disease processes and possibly playing a role in development&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;{{tag&amp;gt;social_and_psychological}}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;{{tag&amp;gt;social_and_psychological}}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;nodisp&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Notes and comments =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Notes and comments =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *Legacy content&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *Legacy content&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum32/10785.html&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum32/10785.html&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; &amp;#160;* explain car accidents, etc. as disease triggers1 2 Blaney: “I have observed in many patients that an important precipitator of increased Th1 disease is physical injury. My speculation is that the physical trauma further activated AT1 due to the wound response, suppressing the immune system further and allowing increased bacterial growth.”&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; &amp;#160;* explain car accidents, etc. as disease triggers1 2 Blaney: “I have observed in many patients that an important precipitator of increased Th1 disease is physical injury. My speculation is that the physical trauma further activated AT1 due to the wound response, suppressing the immune system further and allowing increased bacterial growth.”&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;=====References=====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;=====References=====&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/nodisp&amp;gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:47 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Support groups</title>
            <link>https://mpkb.org/home/social/support?rev=1663188827&amp;do=diff</link>
            <description>&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;&gt;10.13.2018&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;&gt;current&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 6:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 6:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Starting a new support group =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Starting a new support group =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; - **Recruit other MP patients.** Members of the MarshallProtocol.com site can be [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_user.php?list=1&amp;amp;letter=&amp;amp;sort_by=location&amp;amp;page=105|sorted by location]]. It is best when at least some of the group members have been on the treatment for several years.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; - **Recruit other MP patients.** Members of the MarshallProtocol.com site can be [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_user.php?list=1&amp;amp;letter=&amp;amp;sort_by=location&amp;amp;page=105|sorted by location]]. It is best when at least some of the group members have been on the treatment for several years.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; - **Decide on a location.** At least in their initial stages, support groups can be run out of a group member&amp;#039;s home.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; - **Decide on a location.** At least in their initial stages, support groups can be run out of a group member&amp;#039;s home.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; - **Decide how often to hold meetings.**&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; - **Decide how often to hold meetings.**&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 37:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 37:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * ** Germany **&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * ** Germany **&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; * [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.ugesa.org/|Sprechen Sie Deutsch?]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; * [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.ugesa.org/|Sprechen Sie Deutsch?]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 47:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 47:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; * contact: [[mailto:treasureseekermth633@yahoo.com|treasureseekermth633@yahoo.com]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; * contact: [[mailto:treasureseekermth633@yahoo.com|treasureseekermth633@yahoo.com]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Arizona**&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; * **Arizona**&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; * contact: [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum18/14241.html|Prescott-Phoenix Support and Discussion Group]]&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; * contact: [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum18/14241.html|Prescott-Phoenix Support and Discussion Group]]&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Patients experiences =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Patients experiences =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 57:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 57:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;{{tag&amp;gt;social_and_psychological}}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;{{tag&amp;gt;social_and_psychological}}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;nodisp&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Notes and comments =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Notes and comments =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;===== References =====&amp;lt;/nodisp&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:47 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Talking with others</title>
            <link>https://mpkb.org/home/social/talking?rev=1663188827&amp;do=diff</link>
            <description>&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;&gt;06.24.2019&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;&gt;current&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 77:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 77:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;Sadly, some people in your life may not want you to get well. For example, sometimes a partner or close friend can not tolerate change. Consciously or unconsciously they may undermine your efforts. It will be up to you to quietly persist, knowing that your recovery can only lead to a better outcome for both of you.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;Sadly, some people in your life may not want you to get well. For example, sometimes a partner or close friend can not tolerate change. Consciously or unconsciously they may undermine your efforts. It will be up to you to quietly persist, knowing that your recovery can only lead to a better outcome for both of you.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;In an extreme case, there may be someone who is literally toxic, even socio-pathic. Remove yourself from the influence of any such person.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;In an extreme case, there may be someone who is literally toxic, even socio-pathic.&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Learn to value yourself, Learn to say No!&amp;quot; and if necessary,&amp;#160;&lt;/strong&gt;Remove yourself from the influence of any such person.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 122:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 122:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;{{tag&amp;gt;social_and_psychological}}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;{{tag&amp;gt;social_and_psychological}}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;nodisp&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Notes and comments =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Notes and comments =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *Legacy content&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *Legacy content&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=7120&amp;amp;forum_id=37&amp;amp;jump_to=93278#p93278 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=7120&amp;amp;forum_id=37&amp;amp;jump_to=93278#p93278 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum37/3275.html &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/forum37/3275.html &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=7120&amp;amp;forum_id=37&amp;amp;jump_to=80762#p80762 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=7120&amp;amp;forum_id=37&amp;amp;jump_to=80762#p80762 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=7120&amp;amp;forum_id=37&amp;amp;jump_to=85246#p85246&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;#160; *&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=7120&amp;amp;forum_id=37&amp;amp;jump_to=85246#p85246&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;===== References =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;===== References =====&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/nodisp&amp;gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:47 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The vagus nerve</title>
            <link>https://mpkb.org/home/social/the_vagus_nerve?rev=1663188827&amp;do=diff</link>
            <description>&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;&gt;01.19.2019&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;&gt;current&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;====== The vagus nerve ======&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;====== The vagus nerve ======&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;This is a good overview:&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://healthfixit.com/vagus-nerve/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;===== Introduction ===== &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;This is a good overview:&amp;#160;&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://healthfixit.com/vagus-nerve/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;Hopefully based on anatomy.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;Hopefully based on anatomy.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 32:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 35:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;Patients lying in a vegetative state present severe impairments of consciousness [1] caused by lesions in the cortex, the brainstem, the thalamus and the white matter [2]. There is agreement that this condition may involve disconnections in long-range cortico–cortical and thalamo-cortical pathways [3]. Hence, in the vegetative state cortical activity is ‘deafferented’ from subcortical modulation and/or principally disrupted between fronto-parietal regions. Some patients in a vegetative state recover while others persistently remain in such a state. The neural signature of spontaneous recovery is linked to increased thalamo-cortical activity and improved fronto-parietal functional connectivity [3]. The likelihood of consciousness recovery depends on the extent of brain damage and patients’ etiology, but after one year of unresponsive behavior, chances become low [1]. There is thus a need to explore novel ways of repairing lost consciousness. Here we report beneficial effects of vagus nerve stimulation on consciousness level of a single patient in a vegetative state, including improved behavioral responsiveness and enhanced brain connectivity patterns.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;Patients lying in a vegetative state present severe impairments of consciousness [1] caused by lesions in the cortex, the brainstem, the thalamus and the white matter [2]. There is agreement that this condition may involve disconnections in long-range cortico–cortical and thalamo-cortical pathways [3]. Hence, in the vegetative state cortical activity is ‘deafferented’ from subcortical modulation and/or principally disrupted between fronto-parietal regions. Some patients in a vegetative state recover while others persistently remain in such a state. The neural signature of spontaneous recovery is linked to increased thalamo-cortical activity and improved fronto-parietal functional connectivity [3]. The likelihood of consciousness recovery depends on the extent of brain damage and patients’ etiology, but after one year of unresponsive behavior, chances become low [1]. There is thus a need to explore novel ways of repairing lost consciousness. Here we report beneficial effects of vagus nerve stimulation on consciousness level of a single patient in a vegetative state, including improved behavioral responsiveness and enhanced brain connectivity patterns.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;in [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;http&lt;/strong&gt;://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(17)30964-8?|Restoring consciousness]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;in [[&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;https&lt;/strong&gt;://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(17)30964-8?|Restoring consciousness]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;These findings show that stimulation of the vagus nerve promoted the spread of cortical signals and caused an increase of metabolic activity leading to behavioral improvement as measured with the CRS-R scale and as reported by clinicians and family members. Thus, potentiating vagus nerve inputs to the brain helps to restore consciousness even after many years of being in a vegetative state, thus challenging the belief that disorders of consciousness persisting after 12 months are irreversible [1]. The direct connection between the NTS where the vagus nerve originates and the thalamus may be at the origin of the significant increase in theta signal recorded at the cortical level. In particular, the parietal cortex appears to be a major player in guiding the expansion of neural activity across brain areas. The enhanced neural activity might also be mediated by neurotransmission changes given that vagus nerve projections target key regions important for the liberation of norepinephrine and serotonin [7]. Finally, since the vagus nerve has bidirectional control over the brain and the body, reactivation of sensory/visceral afferences might have enhanced brain activity within a body/brain closed loop process. Our study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of vagus nerve stimulation to modulate large-scale human brain activity and alleviate disorders of consciousness&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;These findings show that stimulation of the vagus nerve promoted the spread of cortical signals and caused an increase of metabolic activity leading to behavioral improvement as measured with the CRS-R scale and as reported by clinicians and family members. Thus, potentiating vagus nerve inputs to the brain helps to restore consciousness even after many years of being in a vegetative state, thus challenging the belief that disorders of consciousness persisting after 12 months are irreversible [1]. The direct connection between the NTS where the vagus nerve originates and the thalamus may be at the origin of the significant increase in theta signal recorded at the cortical level. In particular, the parietal cortex appears to be a major player in guiding the expansion of neural activity across brain areas. The enhanced neural activity might also be mediated by neurotransmission changes given that vagus nerve projections target key regions important for the liberation of norepinephrine and serotonin [7]. Finally, since the vagus nerve has bidirectional control over the brain and the body, reactivation of sensory/visceral afferences might have enhanced brain activity within a body/brain closed loop process. Our study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of vagus nerve stimulation to modulate large-scale human brain activity and alleviate disorders of consciousness&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 65:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td class=&quot;diff-blockheader&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Line 68:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;{{tag&amp;gt;social_and_psychological}}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;{{tag&amp;gt;social_and_psychological}}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;nodisp&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Notes and comments =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;===== Notes and comments =====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;visible only when logged on as editor&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;visible only when logged on as editor&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-context&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;PAGE TO BE DEVELOPED(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pubmed&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:000}}))  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;PAGE TO BE DEVELOPED(({{&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;pmid&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt;long:000}}))  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-deletedline&quot;&gt;=====References=====&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-lineheader&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-addedline&quot;&gt;=====References=====&lt;strong class=&quot;diff-mark&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/nodisp&amp;gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2022 20:53:47 +0000</pubDate>
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