Stimulants

The systematic use of stimulants to manage symptoms of fatigue is not recommended.

Types of stimulants

The following is a list of common stimulants:

Caffeine

Caffeine is present in coffee, some sodas, and tea. Although caffeine is not contraindicated for Marshall ProtocolA curative medical treatment for chronic inflammatory disease. Based on the Marshall Pathogenesis. (MP) patients, intake should be minimized. Please note that coffee and tea are high in chlorogenic acidAn antioxidant and phenolic compound which in ways that are not yet fully clear can modulate and/or suppress the immune response, a far more powerful immune modulator, which is contraindicated.

There is no evidence that caffeine is helpful to the recovery trajectory of MP patients. Caffeine may be problematic for the following reasons:

Further, there is virtually no precise science on exactly how caffeine works, meaning it could have unknown negative ramifications.

Provigil

Given that the effects of Provigil (modafinil) on the immune system is unknown, it should not be used by MP patients. Also, there are no long-term studies regarding its safety. Possible side effects include depression, anxiety, hallucinations, psychosis, mania and suicidal thoughts.

According to the Food and Drug Administration, Provigil should be used only in patients who have had complete evaluations of their excessive sleepiness, and in whom a diagnosis of either narcolepsy, Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS), and/or Shift-Work Sleep Disorder (SWSD) has been made.

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===== References =====

1)
Rapuri PB, Gallagher JC, Nawaz Z. Caffeine decreases vitamin D receptor protein expression and 1,25(OH)2D3 stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity in human osteoblast cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007 Mar;103(3-5):368-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.12.037. Epub 2007 Jan 12.
[PMID: 17223552] [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.12.037]
2)
Rapuri PB, Gallagher JC, Kinyamu HK, Ryschon KL. Caffeine intake increases the rate of bone loss in elderly women and interacts with vitamin D receptor genotypes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Nov;74(5):694-700. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/74.5.694.
[PMID: 11684540] [DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/74.5.694]