You are here: Welcome to the MPKB » Welcome to the MPKB » Diseases » Graves' disease
Home

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revisionPrevious revision
Next revision		Previous revision
home:diseases:graves [01.01.2019] – [Evidence of infectious cause] sallieqhome:diseases:graves [09.14.2022] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
Line 9: Line 9:
 ===== Introduction ===== ===== Introduction =====
  
-[[http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/graves-disease/basics/definition/con-20025811|Mayo Clinic overview]]+[[https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/graves-disease/basics/definition/con-20025811|Mayo Clinic overview]]
  
 ==== Thyroid markers ==== ==== Thyroid markers ====
  
- 
-Nanba, T., M. Watanabe, et al. (2009). "Increases of the Th1/Th2 cell ratio in severe Hashimoto's disease and in the proportion of Th17 cells in intractable Graves' disease." Thyroid 19(5): 495-501. (({{pubmed>long:19415997}})) 
  
 BACKGROUND: T helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, and Th17 cells produce interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-17A, respectively. We reported that IFN-gamma and IL-4 gene polymorphisms, which are related to higher IFN-gamma and lower IL-4 production, respectively, are more frequent in patients with severe Hashimoto's disease (HD) than in those mild HD. We now aim to investigate the proportion of peripheral Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD).  BACKGROUND: T helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, and Th17 cells produce interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-17A, respectively. We reported that IFN-gamma and IL-4 gene polymorphisms, which are related to higher IFN-gamma and lower IL-4 production, respectively, are more frequent in patients with severe Hashimoto's disease (HD) than in those mild HD. We now aim to investigate the proportion of peripheral Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). 
Line 23: Line 21:
  
 CONCLUSIONS: The peripheral Th1/Th2 cell ratio is related to the severity of HD, and the proportion of Th17 cells is related to the intractability of GD. We hypothesize that these patterns of peripheral Th cell subsets may be expressed within the thyroid. CONCLUSIONS: The peripheral Th1/Th2 cell ratio is related to the severity of HD, and the proportion of Th17 cells is related to the intractability of GD. We hypothesize that these patterns of peripheral Th cell subsets may be expressed within the thyroid.
 +
 +
 +//Nanba, T., M. Watanabe, et al. (2009).// "Increases of the Th1/Th2 cell ratio in severe Hashimoto's disease and in the proportion of Th17 cells in intractable Graves' disease." . (({{pmid>long:19415997}}))
 ===== Evidence of infectious cause ===== ===== Evidence of infectious cause =====
  
Line 28: Line 29:
 "AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH IRIS Graves Disease Several different autoimmune processes have been described in patients initiating ART, although a clear association with IRIS has yet to be defined for many. It is widely accepted that Graves disease occurring after ART initiation is a manifestation of IRIS. This occurs late in the course of immune restoration, with a median time to onset after ART initiation of 21 months. In one study the median CD4 count before initiation of therapy in patients who developed Graves disease was 10 cells/mm, indicating severe immunodeficiency at the time of ART initiation in this population." "AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH IRIS Graves Disease Several different autoimmune processes have been described in patients initiating ART, although a clear association with IRIS has yet to be defined for many. It is widely accepted that Graves disease occurring after ART initiation is a manifestation of IRIS. This occurs late in the course of immune restoration, with a median time to onset after ART initiation of 21 months. In one study the median CD4 count before initiation of therapy in patients who developed Graves disease was 10 cells/mm, indicating severe immunodeficiency at the time of ART initiation in this population."
  
-<blockquote> Distinguishing between manifestations of IRIS and active infection is of paramount importance and poses a diagnostic challenge to the provider in the acute care setting. Presentations of IRIS are often atypical for the precipitating pathogen, and novel presentations are likely. Of the diseases associated with IRIS, mycobacteria and cryptococcal infections are commonly encountered, as are dermatologic symptoms in general.   (({{pubmed>long:20413021}})) </blockquote>+<blockquote> Distinguishing between manifestations of IRIS and active infection is of paramount importance and poses a diagnostic challenge to the provider in the acute care setting. Presentations of IRIS are often atypical for the precipitating pathogen, and novel presentations are likely. Of the diseases associated with IRIS, mycobacteria and cryptococcal infections are commonly encountered, as are dermatologic symptoms in general.   (({{pmid>long:20413021}})) </blockquote>
  
 ===== Patient posted ===== ===== Patient posted =====
Line 52: Line 53:
 //Hogan//</blockquote> //Hogan//</blockquote>
  
-{{tag>diseases arrange}} 
  
 +Also test mineral status, as Selenium and Iodine are essential for thyroid hormone synthesis and function.(({{pmid>long:26088475}})) 
  
 +{{tag>diseases }}
  
  
  
 +
 +
 +<nodisp>
 ===== Notes and comments ===== ===== Notes and comments =====
  
Line 69: Line 74:
  
  
-===== References =====+===== References =====</nodisp> 
home/diseases/graves.1546381081.txt.gz · Last modified: 01.01.2019 by sallieq
© 2015, Autoimmunity Research Foundation. All Rights Reserved.