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home:diseases:hiv_and_aids [02.19.2019] – [More research into CD38 and immune function] sallieq | home:diseases:hiv_and_aids [02.23.2019] – [HIV allows opportunistic infections to proliferate] sallieq | ||
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Pathogens are able spread effectively in an immunocompromised environment. This means it's possible that AIDS patients pick up substantial pathogen loads. It is further possible that it is these Th1 pathogens, which kill patients. Viral co-infections (including Epstein-Barr virus, Human Herpes Virus 6, etc.) are found in all the diseases the Marshall Protocol treats, but the viruses are not believed to bethe proximate cause of disease. | Pathogens are able spread effectively in an immunocompromised environment. This means it's possible that AIDS patients pick up substantial pathogen loads. It is further possible that it is these Th1 pathogens, which kill patients. Viral co-infections (including Epstein-Barr virus, Human Herpes Virus 6, etc.) are found in all the diseases the Marshall Protocol treats, but the viruses are not believed to bethe proximate cause of disease. | ||
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+ | Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection and immunoblastic sarcoma in a fatal case of AIDS. (({{pubmed> | ||
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===== CD38 ===== | ===== CD38 ===== | ||
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===== Research on children ===== | ===== Research on children ===== | ||
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+ | An observational study of children vertically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was performed to determine the role of CD38 expression in CD8+ T cells as prognostic marker of virological failure in children receiving HAART. | ||
- | CD38 Expression in CD8+ T Cells Predicts Virological Failure in HIV Type 1–Infected Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy | + | We studied 42 children who were receiving |
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- | Infection with HIV-1 induces lymphoid activation, resulting in an increase in T cell activation–associated antigens, such as CD38 [1–3]. Also, CD38 could represent HIV-1–specific or cytokine-activated cells [4–6]. | + | |
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- | It has also been shown that the initiation of antiretroviral therapy | + | |
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- | Children with AIDS had higher CD8+CD38+ MFI values than did children without AIDS (mean ± SEM, 15.83 ± 1.15 vs. 11.54 ± 0.92; P = .008). Also, the CD8+CD38+ percentage was higher in children with AIDS (mean ± SEM, 70.53% ± 2.88%) than in children without AIDS (mean ± SEM, 61.67% ± 3.47%; P = .054). | + | |
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- | In the present study, we confirmed that CD8+CD38+ T cell count is a marker of immune activation and that this expression | + | |
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- | The increase in the CD8+CD38+ T cell count has been associated with elevated VLs in HIV-1–infected children [2] and adults [28]. Tilling et al. [13] monitored | + | |
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- | However, increased CD38 expression in CD8+ T cells obtained from patients with Epstein-Barr virus infection and other infections has been reported [33, 34]. The CD8+CD38+ T cell count may represent a sensitive marker for the early prediction of occurrence of infectious diseases in HIV-1–infected | + | |
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- | In conclusion, in this study, we demonstrate—to our knowledge, for the first time—that CD8+CD38+ T cell count is a good long-term prognostic marker of therapeutic failure in HIV-1–infected | + | |
+ | Children with CD38 values in CD8+ T cells that were higher than the median had a higher incidence and relative risk of virological failure than did those with values lower than the median. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that CD8+CD38+ T cell count is a good prognostic marker of therapeutic failure in HIV-1–infected children. | ||
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