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home:diseases:kidney_stones [05.02.2011] – external edit 127.0.0.1 | home:diseases:kidney_stones [07.08.2011] – [Kidney stones] paulalbert | ||
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- | Kidney stones, also called renal calculi, are crystal aggregations of dissolved minerals in urine. Kidney stones typically form inside the kidneys or bladder and can primarily consist of a variety of substances including calcium oxalate, uric acid, and struvite (magnesium, ammonium and phosphate). | + | Kidney stones, also called renal calculi, are crystal aggregations of dissolved minerals in urine. Kidney stones typically form inside the kidneys or bladder and can primarily consist of a variety of substances including calcium oxalate, uric acid, and struvite (magnesium, ammonium and phosphate). |
Patients on the Marshall Protocol (MP) are somewhat less likely to get kidney stones, especially in later stages of the treatment, due to the restoration of proper vitamin D metabolism. Those patients who do develop kidney stones since starting the MP, should know they are a result of months or years of development and not due to the effects of the MP. The MP should prevent recurrence. | Patients on the Marshall Protocol (MP) are somewhat less likely to get kidney stones, especially in later stages of the treatment, due to the restoration of proper vitamin D metabolism. Those patients who do develop kidney stones since starting the MP, should know they are a result of months or years of development and not due to the effects of the MP. The MP should prevent recurrence. | ||
- | ===== Role of elevated 1, | + | |
+ | ===== Vitamin D ===== | ||
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+ | ==== Epidemiological studies ==== | ||
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+ | According to a 2011 systematic review performed by the Cochrane Collaboration, | ||
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+ | A 1980 epidemiological study of lifeguards in Israel (who presumably were exposed to a great deal of sunshine) found that 11 of 45 (24%) had proven kidney stones, a rate twenty times the incidence in the general population.(({{pubmed> | ||
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+ | ==== Role of elevated 1,25-D ==== | ||
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Kidney stones are a common co-morbidity in patients who suffer from diseases noted for hypercalcemia including Crohn' | Kidney stones are a common co-morbidity in patients who suffer from diseases noted for hypercalcemia including Crohn' | ||
- | A 1980 epidemiological study of lifeguards in Israel (who presumably were exposed to a great deal of sunshine) found that 11 of 45 (24%) had proven kidney stones, a rate twenty times the incidence in the general population.(({{pubmed> | + | |
===== Evidence of infectious cause ===== | ===== Evidence of infectious cause ===== |