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home:diseases:osteoporosis_osteopenia [11.29.2018] – [Recent Research] sallieq | home:diseases:osteoporosis_osteopenia [02.18.2019] – [Osteoporosis and osteopenia] sallieq | ||
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====== Osteoporosis and osteopenia ====== | ====== Osteoporosis and osteopenia ====== | ||
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Both osteoporosis and osteopenia are diseases marked by a decrease in bone mineral density. Osteopenia is a less severe form of and sometimes precursor to osteoporosis. The loss of bone mass leads to a porous bone structure, frequent fractures, and delayed healing. | Both osteoporosis and osteopenia are diseases marked by a decrease in bone mineral density. Osteopenia is a less severe form of and sometimes precursor to osteoporosis. The loss of bone mass leads to a porous bone structure, frequent fractures, and delayed healing. | ||
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===== Other treatments ===== | ===== Other treatments ===== | ||
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+ | Calcitonin | ||
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+ | Through these processes, bone matrix resorption and serum calcium are both decreased. | ||
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==== Calcium supplementation ==== | ==== Calcium supplementation ==== | ||
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==== Vitamin D supplementation ==== | ==== Vitamin D supplementation ==== | ||
- | Some clinicians encourage patients with inadequate bone density to supplement with vitamin D and calcium. While [[home: | + | Some clinicians encourage patients with inadequate bone density to supplement with vitamin D and calcium. |
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=== Interventional trials showing vitamin D is ineffective | === Interventional trials showing vitamin D is ineffective | ||
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===== Recent Research ===== | ===== Recent Research ===== | ||
- | Bolland MJ, Grey A and Avenell A. in Effects of vitamin D supplementation on musculoskeletal health: a systematic review, meta-analysis, | + | //Zhao JG, Zeng XT, Wang J, Liu L. in// Association Between Calcium or Vitamin D Supplementation and Fracture Incidence in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. (({{pubmed> |
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+ | A total of 33 randomized trials involving 51 145 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There was no significant association of calcium or vitamin D with risk of hip fracture compared with placebo or no treatment (calcium: RR, 1.53 [95% CI, 0.97 to 2.42]; ARD, 0.01 [95% CI, 0.00 to 0.01]; vitamin D: RR, 1.21 [95% CI, 0.99 to 1.47]; ARD, 0.00 [95% CI, -0.00 to 0.01]. There was no significant association of combined calcium and vitamin D with hip fracture compared with placebo or no treatment (RR, 1.09 [95% CI, 0.85 to 1.39]; ARD, 0.00 [95% CI, -0.00 to 0.00]). No significant associations were found between calcium, vitamin D, or combined calcium and vitamin D supplements and the incidence of nonvertebral, | ||
+ | Conclusions and Relevance: | ||
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+ | In this meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials, the use of supplements that included calcium, vitamin D, or both compared with placebo or no treatment was not associated with a lower risk of fractures among community-dwelling older adults. These findings do not support the routine use of these supplements in community-dwelling older people.</ | ||
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+ | //Bolland MJ, Grey A and Avenell A. in// Effects of vitamin D supplementation on musculoskeletal health: a systematic review, meta-analysis, | ||
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- | Rivadeneira F. | + | //Rivadeneira F.// |
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