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home:othertreatments:boneagents [05.28.2009] – paulalbert | home:othertreatments:boneagents [01.08.2010] – paulalbert | ||
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+ | ====== Bone density conservation agents | ||
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+ | A variety of medications including the bisphosphonates have been touted to conserve or increase bone mass. These drugs have a number of side effects and are known or suspected to interfere with proper immune function. | ||
+ | ===== Bisphosphonates ===== | ||
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+ | Bone has constant turnover, and is kept in balance (homeostasis) by osteoblasts creating bone and osteoclasts digesting bone. Bisphosphonates inhibit the digesting of bone by osteoclasts. | ||
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+ | Bisphosphonates have a variety of side effects: | ||
+ | * chronic musculoskeletal pain(({{pubmed> | ||
+ | * atrial fibrillation – Numerous studies have shown that the frequency of atrial fibrillation increases with increasing age in both men and women. Data from the Framingham Heart Study showed a greater biennial incidence of AF with increasing age, with the odds ratio rising by a factor of 2.2 for every additional 10 years of age.(({{pubmed> | ||
+ | * calcium deposition in the soft tissues(({{pubmed> | ||
+ | * osteonecrosis of the jaw, i.e. bone death | ||
+ | * reduced organ function, e.g. renal dysfunction or failure | ||
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+ | Those patients with elevated 1,25-D – which is [[home: | ||
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+ | All these meds have some effect on the immune or endocrine system and are, therefore, to be avoided. | ||
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+ | ==== Types of bisphopshonates ==== | ||
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+ | * alendronate (Fosamax) | ||
+ | * etidronate (Didronel) | ||
+ | * ibandronate (Boniva) | ||
+ | * pamidronate (Aredia) | ||
+ | * risedronate (Actonel) | ||
+ | * tiludronate (Skelid) | ||
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+ | ===== Other types of bone density conservation agents ===== | ||
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+ | * **calcitonin (Miacalcin nasal spray)** – A synthetic hormone with unknown effects on the immune system | ||
+ | * **raloxifene | ||
+ | * **teriparatide (Forteo)** – A hormonal injection of parathyroid hormone, a hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland that regulates calcium in the body. Parathyroid hormone controls many other hormones, and may cause deposition of calcium into soft tissues. | ||
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+ | {{tag> | ||
+ | ===== Notes and comments ===== | ||
+ | EDIT | ||
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+ | ===== References ===== |