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home:othertreatments:immune_suppressants [11.26.2018] – [Innate immune response] sallieq | home:othertreatments:immune_suppressants [12.19.2018] – [Immune suppression in the modern world] sallieq | ||
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+ | ===== Introduction ===== | ||
Because palliative treatments that slow immune function are very effective at offering temporary relief, the number of medications, | Because palliative treatments that slow immune function are very effective at offering temporary relief, the number of medications, | ||
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It is commonly accepted that most ligands, approximately 95% to 98%, inactivate the nuclear receptors. Since the nuclear receptors play a significant role in the immune response, this factor alone may explain why so many drugs and substances found in food and drink are immunosuppressive. | It is commonly accepted that most ligands, approximately 95% to 98%, inactivate the nuclear receptors. Since the nuclear receptors play a significant role in the immune response, this factor alone may explain why so many drugs and substances found in food and drink are immunosuppressive. | ||
- | Because the expression of a large number of genes is regulated by nuclear receptors, ligands that activate these receptors can have profound effects on the organism. Many of these regulated genes are associated with various diseases which explains why the molecular targets of approximately 13% of FDA approved drugs are nuclear receptors.6) | + | Because the expression of a large number of genes is regulated by nuclear receptors, ligands that activate these receptors can have profound effects on the organism. Many of these regulated genes are associated with various diseases which explains why the molecular targets of approximately 13% of FDA approved drugs are nuclear receptors. |
Different cell types have different nuclear receptors. One of the nuclear receptors seen in immune cells is the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR). The VDR has two endogenous or “native” ligands, which are also the two main forms of vitamin D in the human body: 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-D) and 1, | Different cell types have different nuclear receptors. One of the nuclear receptors seen in immune cells is the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR). The VDR has two endogenous or “native” ligands, which are also the two main forms of vitamin D in the human body: 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-D) and 1, | ||
- | When functioning properly, the VDR transcribes between | + | When functioning properly, the VDR transcribes between |
The body controls activity of the VDR through regulation of the vitamin D metabolites. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-D) antagonizes or inactivates the Receptor while 1, | The body controls activity of the VDR through regulation of the vitamin D metabolites. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-D) antagonizes or inactivates the Receptor while 1, | ||
- | More than 36 types of tissue have been identified as having a Vitamin D Receptor.5) | + | More than 36 types of tissue have been identified as having a Vitamin D Receptor. |
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The first person to suggest that polyunsaturated fats[PUFs] suppress the immune system was Dr E A Newsholme of Oxford University, England. What Newsholme wrote was that when our bodies get sufficient nutrition, our diet includes immunosuppressive PUFs which make us prone to infection by bacteria and viruses. | The first person to suggest that polyunsaturated fats[PUFs] suppress the immune system was Dr E A Newsholme of Oxford University, England. What Newsholme wrote was that when our bodies get sufficient nutrition, our diet includes immunosuppressive PUFs which make us prone to infection by bacteria and viruses. | ||
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- | He was making the point that the immunosuppressive effects of PUFs in sunflower seeds are useful in treating autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis,[ii] and that the same fatty acids could be used to suppress the immune system to prevent rejection of kidney transplants. | + | He was making the point that the immunosuppressive effects of PUFs in sunflower seeds are useful in treating autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, and that the same fatty acids could be used to suppress the immune system to prevent rejection of kidney transplants. |
... | ... | ||
- | It was during the early days of kidney transplantation that doctors first encountered the problem of tissue rejection as their patients’ bodies destroyed the alien transplanted kidneys. If transplantation were to be a success, they had to find a way to suppress the immune system. Newsholme had said that there was no better way to immunosuppress a renal patient than with sunflower seed oil. So kidney transplant doctors fed their patients linoleic acid.[iii] (Linoleic acid is the major polyunsaturated fatty acid in vegetable oils. But the transplant doctors were then astonished to see how quickly their patients developed cancers and the treatment was stopped. | + | It was during the early days of kidney transplantation that doctors first encountered the problem of tissue rejection as their patients’ bodies destroyed the alien transplanted kidneys. If transplantation were to be a success, they had to find a way to suppress the immune system. Newsholme had said that there was no better way to immunosuppress a renal patient than with sunflower seed oil. So kidney transplant doctors fed their patients linoleic acid. (Linoleic acid is the major polyunsaturated fatty acid in vegetable oils. But the transplant doctors were then astonished to see how quickly their patients developed cancers and the treatment was stopped. |
- | In 1989 there was a report of a 10-year trial at a Veterans’ Administration Hospital in Los Angeles. In this trial half the patients were fed a diet which had twice as much PUFs as saturated fats. In the half of patients on the high PUF diet there was a 15% increase in cancer deaths compared to the saturated fat group.[v] The authors of the report said that the PUFs had been the cause of the increase in cancer deaths. The 6 October 1973 issue of the British Medical Journal asked if PUFs were carcinogenic and came to the conclusion that they were. | + | In 1989 there was a report of a 10-year trial at a Veterans’ Administration Hospital in Los Angeles. In this trial half the patients were fed a diet which had twice as much PUFs as saturated fats. In the half of patients on the high PUF diet there was a 15% increase in cancer deaths compared to the saturated fat group. The authors of the report said that the PUFs had been the cause of the increase in cancer deaths. The 6 October 1973 issue of the British Medical Journal asked if PUFs were carcinogenic and came to the conclusion that they were. |
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In 1990, Martin called Newsholme’s Oxford University office but by then Newsholme had retired. Martin spoke to his successor to find that they were still treating autoimmune diseases with PUFs. By then they were using fish oil. The Oxford doctor said the reason for the fish oil was that the degree of immunosuppression increased with the degree of unsaturation and fish oil was much more unsaturated than sunflower oil. Martin asked the doctor why they were not talking about PUFs causing cancer. The doctor replied that if he did that he would be run out of Oxford. | In 1990, Martin called Newsholme’s Oxford University office but by then Newsholme had retired. Martin spoke to his successor to find that they were still treating autoimmune diseases with PUFs. By then they were using fish oil. The Oxford doctor said the reason for the fish oil was that the degree of immunosuppression increased with the degree of unsaturation and fish oil was much more unsaturated than sunflower oil. Martin asked the doctor why they were not talking about PUFs causing cancer. The doctor replied that if he did that he would be run out of Oxford. | ||
//**Above paragraphs quoted from blog**// [[http:// | //**Above paragraphs quoted from blog**// [[http:// | ||
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- | Miller JHD, et al. Double blind trial of linoleate supplementation in the diet in multiple sclerosis. BMJ 1973; i: 765-8.(({{pubmed> | + | Miller JHD, et al. Double blind trial of linoleate supplementation in the diet in multiple sclerosis. BMJ 1973; i: 765-8.(({{pubmed> |
+ | < | ||
</ | </ | ||
Uldall PR, et al. Unsaturated fatty acids and renal transplantation. Lancet 1974; ii: 514.(({{pubmed> | Uldall PR, et al. Unsaturated fatty acids and renal transplantation. Lancet 1974; ii: 514.(({{pubmed> | ||
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"With a high intake of margarine and cooking oils, a tumour may grow too rapidly for the weakened immune system to cope thus increasing our risk of a cancer." | "With a high intake of margarine and cooking oils, a tumour may grow too rapidly for the weakened immune system to cope thus increasing our risk of a cancer." | ||
- | ==== Immune suppression in the modern world ==== | ||
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- | Modern technology brings a whole new challenge to the human immune system | ||
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- | For this reason, a series of extracts from discussion "How Radio Waves Make You Sicker" | ||
- | are being added to this Knowledge database | ||
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- | <note important> | ||
So long as one is responding to olmesartan or olmesartan plus antibiotics with symptoms that wax and wane, there are still bacteria to be killed. | So long as one is responding to olmesartan or olmesartan plus antibiotics with symptoms that wax and wane, there are still bacteria to be killed. | ||
- | {{tag> | + | ===== Immune suppression in the modern world ===== |
+ | |||
+ | Modern technology brings a whole new challenge to the human immune system | ||
+ | |||
+ | For this reason, a series of extracts from discussion "How Radio Waves Make You Sicker" | ||
+ | are being added to this Knowledge database | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{tag> | ||
===== Notes and comments ===== | ===== Notes and comments ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== References ===== | ||
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