You are here: Welcome to the MPKB » Welcome to the MPKB » Non-MP therapies » Probiotics and commensal bacteria
Home

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revisionPrevious revision
Next revision		Previous revision
home:othertreatments:probiotics [02.22.2019] – [Kefir] sallieqhome:othertreatments:probiotics [09.14.2022] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
Line 17: Line 17:
 The goal of the Marshall Protocol is to eradicate the pathogens which cause inflammatory diseases. The bacterial die-off reaction is known as immunopathology, and it is a necessary part of recovery. Epidemiological evidence has shown that substances which interfere with immunopathology decrease symptoms in the near term and increase disease over the long term. Drugs or substances which interfere with immunopathology – whether they be prescription medications such as TNF-alpha inhibitors, corticosteroids, interferon, or a vitamin D supplement – are limiting progress. The goal of the Marshall Protocol is to eradicate the pathogens which cause inflammatory diseases. The bacterial die-off reaction is known as immunopathology, and it is a necessary part of recovery. Epidemiological evidence has shown that substances which interfere with immunopathology decrease symptoms in the near term and increase disease over the long term. Drugs or substances which interfere with immunopathology – whether they be prescription medications such as TNF-alpha inhibitors, corticosteroids, interferon, or a vitamin D supplement – are limiting progress.
  
-When bacteria enter the body – whether described as “friendly” or pathogenic – the innate immune system mounts a response to that presence. Even commensal bacteria can activate innate immune responses.(({{pubmed>long:19161412}})) (({{pubmed>long:12960260}})) One research team found that treatment with probiotics doubles levels of the inflammatory cytokine Interferon-gamma,(({{pubmed>long:18272539}})) confirming that the bacteria do generate a Th1 inflammatory reaction upon their entry into the gut.+When bacteria enter the body – whether described as “friendly” or pathogenic – the innate immune system mounts a response to that presence. Even commensal bacteria can activate innate immune responses.(({{pmid>long:19161412}})) (({{pmid>long:12960260}})) One research team found that treatment with probiotics doubles levels of the inflammatory cytokine Interferon-gamma,(({{pmid>long:18272539}})) confirming that the bacteria do generate a Th1 inflammatory reaction upon their entry into the gut.
  
 It is possible that probiotics' seeming effectiveness is that patients taking them are overloading their immune response and reducing the amount of bacteria killed, a process which itself leads to diminished immunopathology and relative symptom improvement. It is possible that probiotics' seeming effectiveness is that patients taking them are overloading their immune response and reducing the amount of bacteria killed, a process which itself leads to diminished immunopathology and relative symptom improvement.
Line 28: Line 28:
 ===== Commensal microbes have been shown to be harmful in some patients ===== ===== Commensal microbes have been shown to be harmful in some patients =====
  
-Supporting the above hypothesis is one study which showed that patients with acute pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) that were given probiotics were more than twice as likely to die as compared to those who received placebos.(({{pubmed>long:18438065}}))+Supporting the above hypothesis is one study which showed that patients with acute pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) that were given probiotics were more than twice as likely to die as compared to those who received placebos.(({{pmid>long:18438065}}))
  
 One compelling explanation for this unexpected result is that the patients who were given probiotics effectively diverted their immune system from fighting infection at the site of the pancreatitis to the bowel. Perhaps the additional bacteria load was enough to increase the burden on the immune response to the point where a significant number of additional patients was no longer able to effectively muster a response to the acute pancreatitis, a condition which itself is caused by the Th1 pathogens. One compelling explanation for this unexpected result is that the patients who were given probiotics effectively diverted their immune system from fighting infection at the site of the pancreatitis to the bowel. Perhaps the additional bacteria load was enough to increase the burden on the immune response to the point where a significant number of additional patients was no longer able to effectively muster a response to the acute pancreatitis, a condition which itself is caused by the Th1 pathogens.
  
-  * **sepsis in infants** – According to a pair of studies, //Lactobacillus//, the probiotic found in yogurt – while rare – has been shown to cause sepsis in infants and children.(({{pubmed>long:11533845}})) (({{pubmed>long:15629999}})) +  * **sepsis in infants** – According to a pair of studies, //Lactobacillus//, the probiotic found in yogurt – while rare – has been shown to cause sepsis in infants and children.(({{pmid>long:11533845}})) (({{pmid>long:15629999}})) 
-  * **asthma and hay fever in children born to pregnant women** – Pregnant women who [[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-14948261|ate low-fat yogurt]] with fruit once a day were found to be 1.6 times more likely to have children who developed asthma by age seven, compared with children of women who did not eat low-fat yogurt. The study also found that the children of these women were more likely to have allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and current asthma symptoms. But the results showed that milk intake during pregnancy was not linked to any increased risk of asthma.+  * **asthma and hay fever in children born to pregnant women** – Pregnant women who [[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-14948261|ate low-fat yogurt]] with fruit once a day were found to be 1.6 times more likely to have children who developed asthma by age seven, compared with children of women who did not eat low-fat yogurt. The study also found that the children of these women were more likely to have allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and current asthma symptoms. But the results showed that milk intake during pregnancy was not linked to any increased risk of asthma.
  
  
Line 40: Line 40:
  
  
-Developing gum disease may require not only bad bacteria but also a benign background microbiota, researchers reported in //Cell Host and Microbe//.(({{pubmed>long:22036469}})) When the gingivitis-associated //Porphyromonas gingivalis// was introduced at low levels into the mouths of normal mice, it triggered a substantial growth in the healthy bacteria already there, and the ensuing periodontal disease led to bone loss.+Developing gum disease may require not only bad bacteria but also a benign background microbiota, researchers reported in //Cell Host and Microbe//.(({{pmid>long:22036469}})) When the gingivitis-associated //Porphyromonas gingivalis// was introduced at low levels into the mouths of normal mice, it triggered a substantial growth in the healthy bacteria already there, and the ensuing periodontal disease led to bone loss.
  
 But no such thing happened when the gingivitis bacteria were introduced to mice with sterile mouths that harbored no normal bacteria. It seems that a single species, even at low levels, can disrupt the stability of the bacterial ecosystem in the mouth, the researchers noted. But no such thing happened when the gingivitis bacteria were introduced to mice with sterile mouths that harbored no normal bacteria. It seems that a single species, even at low levels, can disrupt the stability of the bacterial ecosystem in the mouth, the researchers noted.
Line 46: Line 46:
 ===== Effects of probiotics may be subtle ===== ===== Effects of probiotics may be subtle =====
  
-One 2011 study which administered fermented milk to mice concluded that the effects of probiotics on gut bacteria may be subtle.(({{pubmed>long:22030749}})) "Cocktails of classic probiotics, which people have been trying for years, may have some benefit but the effect seems to be quite small," [[http://www.nature.com/news/microbiome-sequencing-offers-hope-for-diagnostics-1.10299|according to David Relman]]. +One 2011 study which administered fermented milk to mice concluded that the effects of probiotics on gut bacteria may be subtle.(({{pmid>long:22030749}})) "Cocktails of classic probiotics, which people have been trying for years, may have some benefit but the effect seems to be quite small," [[https://www.nature.com/news/microbiome-sequencing-offers-hope-for-diagnostics-1.10299|according to David Relman]]. 
  
 +==== Kefir ====
 +
 +Lactic acid bacteria and yeasts in kefir grains and kefir made from them.   (({{pmid>long:11938463}}))
 +
 +In an investigation of the changes in the microflora along the pathway: 
 +
 +  * kefir grains (A)
 +  * kefir made from kefir grains (B)
 +  * kefir made from kefir as inoculum (C) 
 +
 +the following species of lactic acid bacteria (83-90%) of the microbial count in the grains) were identified: Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus casei subsp. pseudoplantarum and Lactobacillus brevis. Yeasts (10-17%) identified were Kluyveromyces marxianus var. lactis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida inconspicua and Candida maris. 
 +
 +In the microbial population of kefir grains and kefir made from them the homofermentative lactic streptococci (52-65% and 79-86%, respectively) predominated. Within the group of lactobacilli, the homofermentative thermophilic species L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and L. helveticus (70-87% of the isolated bacilli) predominated. 
 +
 +Along the pathway A-->B-->C, the streptococcal proportion in the total kefir microflora increased by 26-30% whereas the lactobacilli decreased by 13-23%. K. marxianus var. lactis was permanently present in kefir grains and kefirs, whereas the dominant lactose-negative yeast in the total yeast flora of the kefir grains dramatically decreased in kefir C.
 ===== Read more ===== ===== Read more =====
  
-  * [[http://the-scientist.com/2011/10/26/how-probiotic-yogurt-works/|How Probiotic Yogurt Works]] – Researchers show that the bacterial species in probiotic, fermented dairy products may alter gene expression and metabolism in native gut microbiota.+  * [[https://the-scientist.com/2011/10/26/how-probiotic-yogurt-works/|How Probiotic Yogurt Works]] – Researchers show that the bacterial species in probiotic, fermented dairy products may alter gene expression and metabolism in native gut microbiota.
  
  
Line 56: Line 71:
 {{tag>supplements }} {{tag>supplements }}
  
 +<nodisp>
 ===== Notes and comments ===== ===== Notes and comments =====
  
  
   * Legacy content   * Legacy content
-    * http://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=1196&forum_id=32&jump_to=39930 f301-4 +    * https://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=1196&forum_id=32&jump_to=39930 f301-4 
-    * http://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=1078&forum_id=32&jump_to=118168#p118168 f43 +    * https://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=1078&forum_id=32&jump_to=118168#p118168 f43 
-    * http://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=9764&forum_id=37&jump_to=112546#p112546 s266+    * https://www.marshallprotocol.com/view_topic.php?id=9764&forum_id=37&jump_to=112546#p112546 s266
   *    * 
  
 <blockquote>Blaney: "Prebiotics article  may explain negative effects of probiotics that contain FOS etc." <blockquote>Blaney: "Prebiotics article  may explain negative effects of probiotics that contain FOS etc."
-http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/9/245 +https://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/9/245 
  
 BMC Microbiol. 2009 Nov 30;9:245. BMC Microbiol. 2009 Nov 30;9:245.
Line 91: Line 107:
 <blockquote>Is Yogurt Good for You? <blockquote>Is Yogurt Good for You?
  
-http://www.slate.com/id/2299545+https://www.slate.com/id/2299545
  
  
-http://www.boingboing.net/2011/07/20/probiotics-and-scien.html+https://www.boingboing.net/2011/07/20/probiotics-and-scien.html
  
 Probiotics and "Science by Product Release" Probiotics and "Science by Product Release"
Line 107: Line 123:
 In an astonishing new study published in Nature today, researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology in Martinsried in Munich, Germany say they have found evidence that suggests multiple sclerosis (MS) is triggered by natural intestinal flora, the so-called friendly bacteria that reside in the gut. They found genetically engineered mice with normal gut bacteria developed brain inflammation similar to MS in humans. They say the bacteria first activated the immune T-cells, then the B-cells, which resulted in an attack on the myelin layer in the brain. The same could happen in humans with a corresponding genetic predisposition, they say. In an astonishing new study published in Nature today, researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology in Martinsried in Munich, Germany say they have found evidence that suggests multiple sclerosis (MS) is triggered by natural intestinal flora, the so-called friendly bacteria that reside in the gut. They found genetically engineered mice with normal gut bacteria developed brain inflammation similar to MS in humans. They say the bacteria first activated the immune T-cells, then the B-cells, which resulted in an attack on the myelin layer in the brain. The same could happen in humans with a corresponding genetic predisposition, they say.
  
-http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/236776.php+https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/236776.php
  
  
Line 122: Line 138:
 <blockquote>The first description of the possible involvement of bacterial flora in the pathology of arthritis came in the late 1970s when rats raised under germ-free conditions developed severe joint inflammation with 100% penetrance in an adjuvant-induced arthritis model, while conventionally raised controls showed only mild disease at a very low incidence.67 This finding suggests that, although a microbiota is not necessary for the development of arthritis, its presence has a potential suppressive effect through modulation of the immune response. The mechanism behind this suppressive effect remains unclear. The humoral immune system is not a prerequisite for arthritis, as germ-free rats do not produce specific autoantibodies to heat-shock protein (hsp) 65 and yet do develop clinical disease. This observation seems to indicate that immunity to hsp65 in experimental arthritis is unrelated to disease and may instead be regarded as an epiphenomenon dependent on the presence of gut flora.68  <blockquote>The first description of the possible involvement of bacterial flora in the pathology of arthritis came in the late 1970s when rats raised under germ-free conditions developed severe joint inflammation with 100% penetrance in an adjuvant-induced arthritis model, while conventionally raised controls showed only mild disease at a very low incidence.67 This finding suggests that, although a microbiota is not necessary for the development of arthritis, its presence has a potential suppressive effect through modulation of the immune response. The mechanism behind this suppressive effect remains unclear. The humoral immune system is not a prerequisite for arthritis, as germ-free rats do not produce specific autoantibodies to heat-shock protein (hsp) 65 and yet do develop clinical disease. This observation seems to indicate that immunity to hsp65 in experimental arthritis is unrelated to disease and may instead be regarded as an epiphenomenon dependent on the presence of gut flora.68 
  
-"The microbiome and rheumatoid arthritis", (({{pubmed>long:21862983}}))+"The microbiome and rheumatoid arthritis", (({{pmid>long:21862983}}))
  
 </blockquote> </blockquote>
-===== References =====+===== References =====</nodisp> 
home/othertreatments/probiotics.txt · Last modified: 09.14.2022 by 127.0.0.1
© 2015, Autoimmunity Research Foundation. All Rights Reserved.