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home:pathogenesis:vitamind:latitude [10.13.2018] – [Causation – the elusive grail of epidemiology] sallieq | home:pathogenesis:vitamind:latitude [09.14.2022] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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===== Diabetes ===== | ===== Diabetes ===== | ||
- | Garland //et al// concluded on the basis of country-specific incidence rates of Type I diabetes that there is a correlation between a country' | + | Garland //et al// concluded on the basis of country-specific incidence rates of Type I diabetes that there is a correlation between a country' |
- | First, Garland and team generated none of their own data, but instead had taken incidence levels collected around the world and first published by Karvonen //et al// in a 2000 paper.(({{pubmed> | + | First, Garland and team generated none of their own data, but instead had taken incidence levels collected around the world and first published by Karvonen //et al// in a 2000 paper.(({{pmid> |
Those who look at the data points for the study could probably surmise why not. According to the data, the world' | Those who look at the data points for the study could probably surmise why not. According to the data, the world' | ||
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Ethnicity made a monumental difference. No place in China had a high rate, even when you travelled to Harbin — which is north of most of Mongolia.... Nonetheless, | Ethnicity made a monumental difference. No place in China had a high rate, even when you travelled to Harbin — which is north of most of Mongolia.... Nonetheless, | ||
- | //**Stephen Strauss**, [[http:// | + | //**Stephen Strauss**, [[https:// |
Vitamin D and diabetes: An over-simplified solution to a complex problem]]//</ | Vitamin D and diabetes: An over-simplified solution to a complex problem]]//</ | ||
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- | Looking at Karvonen' | + | Looking at Karvonen' |
===== Cancer ===== | ===== Cancer ===== | ||
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==== Australia and New Zealand vs. Northern Europe ==== | ==== Australia and New Zealand vs. Northern Europe ==== | ||
- | | + | |
In the review, Diffey points to epidemiological evidence, which clearly shows that the latitudinal gradient-cancer connection does not hold true at least among a large selection of countries containing large numbers of gentically related people with similar skin types, which is important for the photosynthesis of vitamin D. | In the review, Diffey points to epidemiological evidence, which clearly shows that the latitudinal gradient-cancer connection does not hold true at least among a large selection of countries containing large numbers of gentically related people with similar skin types, which is important for the photosynthesis of vitamin D. | ||
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< | < | ||
- | //**Moan** et al.//(({{pubmed> | + | //**Moan** et al.//(({{pmid> |
==== United States ==== | ==== United States ==== | ||
- | In the case of the gradient in different rates of cancer supposedly observed in the United States. Darrell S. Rigel, M.D, president of the American Academy for Dermatology has also [[http:// | + | In the case of the gradient in different rates of cancer supposedly observed in the United States. Darrell S. Rigel, M.D, president of the American Academy for Dermatology has also [[https:// |
< | < | ||
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=====Multiple sclerosis===== | =====Multiple sclerosis===== | ||
- | The latitude at which people spend their youth up to the age of about 15 years correlates with later risk of multiple sclerosis, with people who grow up closer to the equator having a lesser risk of disease onset.(({{pubmed> | + | The latitude at which people spend their youth up to the age of about 15 years correlates with later risk of multiple sclerosis, with people who grow up closer to the equator having a lesser risk of disease onset.(({{pmid> |
A common precursor for multiple sclerosis is optic neuritis or inflammation of the optic nerve. Optic neuritis can be caused by directly looking at the Sun, something that few people willingly do, but inadvertently happens | A common precursor for multiple sclerosis is optic neuritis or inflammation of the optic nerve. Optic neuritis can be caused by directly looking at the Sun, something that few people willingly do, but inadvertently happens | ||
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< | < | ||
- | //**L.R. Karhausen**// | + | //**L.R. Karhausen**// |
Without a precise understanding of underlying disease mechanisms, researchers could just as well conclude, for example, that sunshine exposure causes teenage pregnancy. | Without a precise understanding of underlying disease mechanisms, researchers could just as well conclude, for example, that sunshine exposure causes teenage pregnancy. | ||
- | {{: | + | {{: |
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- | {{tag> Science_behind_vitamin_D Light Study_Design }} | + | {{tag> Science_behind_vitamin_D |
+ | < | ||
===== Notes and comments ===== | ===== Notes and comments ===== | ||
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< | < | ||
- | Trevor talks about this here: http:// | + | Trevor talks about this here: https:// |
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- | * **atherosclerosis in African Americans** – Vitamin D is widely used to treat patients with osteoporosis and/or low vitamin D levels based on a medically accepted normal range. This " | + | * **atherosclerosis in African Americans** – Vitamin D is widely used to treat patients with osteoporosis and/or low vitamin D levels based on a medically accepted normal range. This " |
< | < | ||
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</ | </ | ||
- | ===== References ===== | + | ===== References =====</ |