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 A number of studies have suggested that patients with chronic inflammatory diseases are deficient in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-D) and that consuming greater quantities of vitamin D, which further elevates 25-D levels, alleviates disease symptoms. A number of studies have suggested that patients with chronic inflammatory diseases are deficient in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-D) and that consuming greater quantities of vitamin D, which further elevates 25-D levels, alleviates disease symptoms.
 +
 +<note important>
 +"The idea that widespread vitamin D deficiency exists in the world has never had any credibility, and the idea that vigorous supplementation is necessary therefore has to be false."
 +
 +"Nowadays it is virtually impossible to buy milk in the US that has not been laced (‘fortified’) with vitamin D. The amounts added, and the content, have been subject to dubious control, and a number of fatalities have occurred due to Vitamin D poisoning from milk."
 +
 +"The mis-labeling of this compound as a vitamin is regrettable, as it gave a potential toxin an aura of undeserved innocence. Vitamin D is not a vitamin, but a steroid, which is, in its most active form, a powerful hormone with receptors widely distributed in the tissues of the body. As with other steroids, excessive consumption has risks." //Dr Hywel Davies//</note>
  
 Some years ago, molecular biology identified 25-D as a secosteroid. Secosteroids would typically be expected to depress inflammation, which is in line with the reports of short-term symptomatic improvement. The simplistic first-order mass-action model used to guide the early vitamin studies is now giving way to a more complex description of action.  Some years ago, molecular biology identified 25-D as a secosteroid. Secosteroids would typically be expected to depress inflammation, which is in line with the reports of short-term symptomatic improvement. The simplistic first-order mass-action model used to guide the early vitamin studies is now giving way to a more complex description of action. 
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 <blockquote>Vitamin D affects the immune system at many levels and by a number of mechanisms.... Vitamin D has multiple immunosuppressant properties.... On the whole, vitamin D confers an immunosuppressive effect. <blockquote>Vitamin D affects the immune system at many levels and by a number of mechanisms.... Vitamin D has multiple immunosuppressant properties.... On the whole, vitamin D confers an immunosuppressive effect.
  
-//**Aronson, Amital, and Shoenfeld**// (({{pubmed>long:17557889}})) +//**Aronson, Amital, and Shoenfeld**// (({{pmid>long:17557889}})) 
 </blockquote> </blockquote>
  
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 ==== Supplemental vitamin D show no consistent effects on infection ==== ==== Supplemental vitamin D show no consistent effects on infection ====
  
-In studies on acute respiratory tract infection(({{pubmed>long:23220552}})), tuberculosis(({{pubmed>long:19179490}})) and overall infections(({{pubmed>long:17702768}})), the effects of vitamin D have been mixed (and largely unsuccessful) in terms of reducing infectious burden.+In studies on acute respiratory tract infection(({{pmid>long:23220552}})), tuberculosis(({{pmid>long:19179490}})) and overall infections(({{pmid>long:17702768}})), the effects of vitamin D have been mixed (and largely unsuccessful) in terms of reducing infectious burden.
      
-A complete evaluation of the above mentioned studies, and the differences between them that can help explain the different results, is not suited for this article. However, on a general basis, one of the reasons for differing effects may be that vitamin D works differently in relatively healthy people as compared to sick people. Thus, vitamin D supplementation //may// give a marginal benefit in preventing infections in healthy people (see section below), but not in sick people. As of today (Dec 2012) we are not aware of any studies that have shown an actual reduction in infections in sick people (for instance tuberculosis or COPD) by vitamin D supplementation, as measured by culture or genetical detection methods. Furthermore, a general trend seems to be that apparent beneficial effects on infection in healthy people are not seen in individuals who have 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels within the normal range(({{pubmed>long:22250141}}))(({{pubmed>long:23032549}}))(({{pubmed>long:19296870}})), adding, as a side point, further weight to the mega dose vitamin D supplementation craze being without merit.+A complete evaluation of the above mentioned studies, and the differences between them that can help explain the different results, is not suited for this article. However, on a general basis, one of the reasons for differing effects may be that vitamin D works differently in relatively healthy people as compared to sick people. Thus, vitamin D supplementation //may// give a marginal benefit in preventing infections in healthy people (see section below), but not in sick people. As of today (Dec 2012) we are not aware of any studies that have shown an actual reduction in infections in sick people (for instance tuberculosis or COPD) by vitamin D supplementation, as measured by culture or genetical detection methods. Furthermore, a general trend seems to be that apparent beneficial effects on infection in healthy people are not seen in individuals who have 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels within the normal range(({{pmid>long:22250141}}))(({{pmid>long:23032549}}))(({{pmid>long:19296870}})), adding, as a side point, further weight to the mega dose vitamin D supplementation craze being without merit.
    
-It is however not certain, in spite of some reported benefits in a few studies, that //any// level of supplementation is beneficial in terms of reducing infection. The studies are still too few to draw firm conclusions, and publication bias, as in any field science, may skew the overall results. Another factor which makes the reported benefits doubtful is that not all studies have reported an actual reduction in infection, but merely symptom based outcomes. Symptom based outcomes are relevant, but in light of the symptom reducing effects therapies that are immune suppressive may have, it is not clear that symptom reduction in the vitamin D supplementation studies are due to an actual reduction in infection. Further, most of the symptoms in upper respiratory tract infections are caused by the body's own immune response, and not the infectious agents(({{pubmed>long:18658112}})).+It is however not certain, in spite of some reported benefits in a few studies, that //any// level of supplementation is beneficial in terms of reducing infection. The studies are still too few to draw firm conclusions, and publication bias, as in any field science, may skew the overall results. Another factor which makes the reported benefits doubtful is that not all studies have reported an actual reduction in infection, but merely symptom based outcomes. Symptom based outcomes are relevant, but in light of the symptom reducing effects therapies that are immune suppressive may have, it is not clear that symptom reduction in the vitamin D supplementation studies are due to an actual reduction in infection. Further, most of the symptoms in upper respiratory tract infections are caused by the body's own immune response, and not the infectious agents(({{pmid>long:18658112}})).
  
 In sick people vitamin D supplementation increases infectious burden, and suppresses the immune system: In sick people vitamin D supplementation increases infectious burden, and suppresses the immune system:
    
  
-  * **monocytes** – According to a 2011 interventional study in which patients with multiple sclerosis were given high doses of vitamin , peripheral blood mononuclear cells (monocytes) lose "abnormal reactivity" at 40 ng/mL.(({{pubmed>long:21697250}})) +  * **monocytes** – According to a 2011 interventional study in which patients with multiple sclerosis were given high doses of vitamin , peripheral blood mononuclear cells (monocytes) lose "abnormal reactivity" at 40 ng/mL.(({{pmid>long:21697250}})) 
-  * **Epstein Barr virus** – In a 2010 study of pregnancy-associated breast cancer, higher levels of 25-D were positively correlated with serum antibodies to Epstein Barr Virus, suggesting that EBV is able to better proliferate in patients who take vitamin D.(({{pubmed>long:20691583}})) +  * **Epstein Barr virus** – In a 2010 study of pregnancy-associated breast cancer, higher levels of 25-D were positively correlated with serum antibodies to Epstein Barr Virus, suggesting that EBV is able to better proliferate in patients who take vitamin D.(({{pmid>long:20691583}})) 
-  * **toll-like receptors** – As discussed [[home:pathogenesis:innate_immunity|elsewhere]], the toll-like receptors (TLR) represent an ancient front-line defense system that enables the host organism to sense the presence of microbial components within minutes. As inducers of inflammation, TLRs act as important triggers of distinct entities such as sepsis or autoimmune disease exacerbation.(({{pubmed>long:16402404}})) For example, found that the TLRs are naturally upregulated in the autoimmune disease, Behcet's disease.(({{pubmed>long:18411217}})) However, a 2006 study showed that vitamin D3 suppresses the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 protein and mRNA in human monocytes in a time- and dose-dependent fashion.(({{pubmed>long:16402404}})) Dickie //et al.// further showed that expression of TLR9 was downregulated in monocytes by vitamin D3 supplementation.(({{pubmed>long:20435648}})) +  * **toll-like receptors** – As discussed [[home:pathogenesis:innate_immunity|elsewhere]], the toll-like receptors (TLR) represent an ancient front-line defense system that enables the host organism to sense the presence of microbial components within minutes. As inducers of inflammation, TLRs act as important triggers of distinct entities such as sepsis or autoimmune disease exacerbation.(({{pmid>long:16402404}})) For example, found that the TLRs are naturally upregulated in the autoimmune disease, Behcet's disease.(({{pmid>long:18411217}})) However, a 2006 study showed that vitamin D3 suppresses the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 protein and mRNA in human monocytes in a time- and dose-dependent fashion.(({{pmid>long:16402404}})) Dickie //et al.// further showed that expression of TLR9 was downregulated in monocytes by vitamin D3 supplementation.(({{pmid>long:20435648}})) 
-  * **reduction in levels of inflammation** – A 2011 study showed that in colorectal adenoma patients, the vitamin D supplementation group, TNF-alpha decreased 13%, IL-6 32%, IL-1 beta 50%, and IL-8 15% relative to placebo.(({{pubmed>long:21724580}}))+  * **reduction in levels of inflammation** – A 2011 study showed that in colorectal adenoma patients, the vitamin D supplementation group, TNF-alpha decreased 13%, IL-6 32%, IL-1 beta 50%, and IL-8 15% relative to placebo.(({{pmid>long:21724580}}))
   * **short-term symptom resolution** – Further evidence for vitamin D’s activity as an immunosuppressant comes in the range of reports of short-term symptom resolution in autoimmune patients taking vitamin D. Online forums are full of such reports.   * **short-term symptom resolution** – Further evidence for vitamin D’s activity as an immunosuppressant comes in the range of reports of short-term symptom resolution in autoimmune patients taking vitamin D. Online forums are full of such reports.
 ===== Role in select diseases and conditions ===== ===== Role in select diseases and conditions =====
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 <mainarticle> [[home:diseases:cardiovascular|Cardiovascular disease]] </article> <mainarticle> [[home:diseases:cardiovascular|Cardiovascular disease]] </article>
  
-According to a 2010 paper by Swales and Wang, "despite substantial clinical evidence linking vitamin D deficiency with increased cardiovascular risk, it remains to be established whether this represents a causal association."(({{pubmed>long:20616710}})) Indeed, data from a 2011 prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial[cite needed]((Vitamin D May Not Have Cardioprotective Benefits)) has cast real doubt on the alleged cardioprotective benefits of vitamin D. Researchers performing a small study report that treatment with vitamin D for four months had no significant effect on endothelial function, vascular stiffness, or inflammation in healthy postmenopausal women.+According to a 2010 paper by Swales and Wang, "despite substantial clinical evidence linking vitamin D deficiency with increased cardiovascular risk, it remains to be established whether this represents a causal association."(({{pmid>long:20616710}})) Indeed, data from a 2011 prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial[cite needed]((Vitamin D May Not Have Cardioprotective Benefits)) has cast real doubt on the alleged cardioprotective benefits of vitamin D. Researchers performing a small study report that treatment with vitamin D for four months had no significant effect on endothelial function, vascular stiffness, or inflammation in healthy postmenopausal women.
  
-A recent cross-sectional study involving 340 African Americans with type 2 diabetes found that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were positively associated with increased calcified atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta and carotid arteries.(({{pubmed>long:20061416}}))+A recent cross-sectional study involving 340 African Americans with type 2 diabetes found that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were positively associated with increased calcified atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta and carotid arteries.(({{pmid>long:20061416}}))
  
  
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 ==== Bioavailability ==== ==== Bioavailability ====
  
-Impact of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, free and bioavailable fractions of vitamin D, and vitamin D binding protein levels on metabolic syndrome components   (({{pubmed>long:28721141}})) +Impact of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, free and bioavailable fractions of vitamin D, and vitamin D binding protein levels on metabolic syndrome components   (({{pmid>long:28721141}})) 
  
 ==== Pregnancy ==== ==== Pregnancy ====
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 ==== Failing to control for biases inherent to observational studies ==== ==== Failing to control for biases inherent to observational studies ====
  
-<mainrelatedarticles> [[.:vitamind:observational_bias|Bias in observational epidemiological studies]], [[home:pathogenesis:vitamind:latitude|Latitude studies]]</article>+<mainarticle> [[.:vitamind:observational_bias|Bias in observational epidemiological studies]], [[home:pathogenesis:vitamind:latitude|Latitude studies]]</article>
  
 {{section>:home:pathogenesis:vitamind:observational_bias#bias_in_observational_epidemiological_studies&noheader}} {{section>:home:pathogenesis:vitamind:observational_bias#bias_in_observational_epidemiological_studies&noheader}}
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-According to Professor Roger Bouillon of the University of Leuven, "over one billion" people worldwide need to increase their vitamin D intake due to vitamin D "deficiency."((Boullion, R. (2006 April 2). [[http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/40860.php|Vitamin D analogues: pharmacology and therapeutic uses]]. European Congress of Endocrinology, Glasgow.)) One Saudi study [[http://www.springerlink.com/content/ll79786758173j04/|concluded that]] 87.8% of healthy men were "deficient."+According to Professor Roger Bouillon of the University of Leuven, "over one billion" people worldwide need to increase their vitamin D intake due to vitamin D "deficiency."((Boullion, R. (2006 April 2). [[https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/40860.php|Vitamin D analogues: pharmacology and therapeutic uses]]. European Congress of Endocrinology, Glasgow.)) One Saudi study [[https://www.springerlink.com/content/ll79786758173j04/|concluded that]] 87.8% of healthy men were "deficient."
  
 Yet, observational studies show that populations which avoid vitamin D consumption have naturally low levels of 25-D and remain healthy with such levels.  Yet, observational studies show that populations which avoid vitamin D consumption have naturally low levels of 25-D and remain healthy with such levels. 
  
-  * **healthy Chilean women** – A study which tested the level of 25-D in 90 “healthy, ambulatory Chilean women” showed that 27% of the premenopausal and 60% of the postmenopausal women had 25-D levels under 20 ng/ml.(({{pubmed>long:17290161}})) +  * **healthy Chilean women** – A study which tested the level of 25-D in 90 “healthy, ambulatory Chilean women” showed that 27% of the premenopausal and 60% of the postmenopausal women had 25-D levels under 20 ng/ml.(({{pmid>long:17290161}})) 
   * **healthy Saudi medical students** – A 2012 study collected data from 95 male and 103 female students with an average age of 19.5 years old. In 100% of the students, the vitamin D level was considered low. The mean 25-D level was 26.83 nmol/L in males and 16.03 nmol/L in females.    * **healthy Saudi medical students** – A 2012 study collected data from 95 male and 103 female students with an average age of 19.5 years old. In 100% of the students, the vitamin D level was considered low. The mean 25-D level was 26.83 nmol/L in males and 16.03 nmol/L in females. 
-  * **healthy Bangladeshi women** – A study on healthy Bangladeshi women found that approximately 80% of the women had a level of 25-D under 16 ng/ml.(({{pubmed>long:16500882}})) A separate study of premenopausal Bangladeshi women came to a similar conclusion.(({{pubmed>long:11840180}})) +  * **healthy Bangladeshi women** – A study on healthy Bangladeshi women found that approximately 80% of the women had a level of 25-D under 16 ng/ml.(({{pmid>long:16500882}})) A separate study of premenopausal Bangladeshi women came to a similar conclusion.(({{pmid>long:11840180}})) 
-  * **healthy Chinese infants** – In a 1992 study, healthy full-term infants from China had serum concentrations of 25-D ranging from an average of 5 ng/ml to 14 ng/ml.(({{pubmed>long:1578308}})) +  * **healthy Chinese infants** – In a 1992 study, healthy full-term infants from China had serum concentrations of 25-D ranging from an average of 5 ng/ml to 14 ng/ml.(({{pmid>long:1578308}})) 
-  * **healthy Omani women** – A 2011 study of 41 apparently healthy women (ages 18-45 years) working at the Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman found that all study subjects had 25-D levels below 50 nmol/L.(({{pubmed>long:21509209}})) +  * **healthy Omani women** – A 2011 study of 41 apparently healthy women (ages 18-45 years) working at the Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman found that all study subjects had 25-D levels below 50 nmol/L.(({{pmid>long:21509209}})) 
-  * **young healthy adults in western India** – Among young healthy adults from the western part of India, the average serum level of 25-D indicated vitamin D "deficiency": 17.4 ng/ml.(({{pubmed>long:21508424}})) +  * **young healthy adults in western India** – Among young healthy adults from the western part of India, the average serum level of 25-D indicated vitamin D "deficiency": 17.4 ng/ml.(({{pmid>long:21508424}})) 
-  * **healthy Saudi Arabians** – Severe hypovitaminosis D is widespread and more common in non-diabetics than diabetics in Saudi adults.(({{pubmed>long:20635011}})) Nevertheless, this 2010 study's authors conclude a bit bizarrely, "The study further underscores the need for vitamin D fortification of the Saudi diet, and the promotion of vitamin D supplementation in both groups."  +  * **healthy Saudi Arabians** – Severe hypovitaminosis D is widespread and more common in non-diabetics than diabetics in Saudi adults.(({{pmid>long:20635011}})) Nevertheless, this 2010 study's authors conclude a bit bizarrely, "The study further underscores the need for vitamin D fortification of the Saudi diet, and the promotion of vitamin D supplementation in both groups."  
-  * **healthy lactating mothers** – Even when lactating mothers take all but exceedingly high levels of vitamin D – 6,000 IU which is 15 times the United States' Recommended Daily Intake – the vitamin D content in breast milk remains very low.(({{pubmed>long:17661565}})) This is confusing for advocates of vitamin D supplementation who would think that breastfeeding mothers would give their infant //extra// levels of vitamin D during formative stages of growth.+  * **healthy lactating mothers** – Even when lactating mothers take all but exceedingly high levels of vitamin D – 6,000 IU which is 15 times the United States' Recommended Daily Intake – the vitamin D content in breast milk remains very low.(({{pmid>long:17661565}})) This is confusing for advocates of vitamin D supplementation who would think that breastfeeding mothers would give their infant //extra// levels of vitamin D during formative stages of growth.
  
 The Vitamin D Council, an organization that advocates vitamin D supplementation, stated:  The Vitamin D Council, an organization that advocates vitamin D supplementation, stated: 
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 <blockquote>The patients all wore protective clothing and sunscreens when outdoors. Estimated mean vitamin D intake was normal. The mean values of serum 25-OHD were low normal, but //1,25-(OH)2D, calcium, ionized calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were normal// [italics added].... Despite rigorous sun protection normal vitamin D levels can be maintained in ambulatory patients with XP. <blockquote>The patients all wore protective clothing and sunscreens when outdoors. Estimated mean vitamin D intake was normal. The mean values of serum 25-OHD were low normal, but //1,25-(OH)2D, calcium, ionized calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were normal// [italics added].... Despite rigorous sun protection normal vitamin D levels can be maintained in ambulatory patients with XP.
  
-//**Armando Sallitto**// et al.(({{pubmed>long:9418761}}))</blockquote>+//**Armando Sallitto**// et al.(({{pmid>long:9418761}}))</blockquote>
 ===== Ramifications of a simplistic understanding of vitamin D metabolism ===== ===== Ramifications of a simplistic understanding of vitamin D metabolism =====
  
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 Numerous studies have identified patient populations that are "deficient" in vitamin D. Patients suffering from obesity, schizophrenia, fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, autism, etc. all seem to be suffering from vitamin D deficiency. One could list [[home:pathogenesis:vitamind:low25d|hundreds of such studies]].  Numerous studies have identified patient populations that are "deficient" in vitamin D. Patients suffering from obesity, schizophrenia, fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, autism, etc. all seem to be suffering from vitamin D deficiency. One could list [[home:pathogenesis:vitamind:low25d|hundreds of such studies]]. 
  
-Although it is not unheard of, few seem to explore the possibility that a low 25-D is the result of disease. Perhaps it is because researchers conceptualize vitamin D as they might a resource which gets used up and needs to be replenished – not unlike gasoline when a car runs low. This metaphor is not at all apt, because vitamin D is regulated like the steroid it is.(({{pubmed>long:19444938}})) (({{pubmed>long:18754003}})) +Although it is not unheard of, few seem to explore the possibility that a low 25-D is the result of disease. Perhaps it is because researchers conceptualize vitamin D as they might a resource which gets used up and needs to be replenished – not unlike gasoline when a car runs low. This metaphor is not at all apt, because vitamin D is regulated like the steroid it is.(({{pmid>long:19444938}})) (({{pmid>long:18754003}})) 
  
-Large segments of the population are consuming vitamin D at historic levels. Like the first-line treatment for many autoimmune diagnoses, the corticosteroid Prednisone, vitamin D temporarily reduces symptoms of disease, but long-term use dramatically increases the odds of disease relapse.(({{pubmed>long:9118698}}))+Large segments of the population are consuming vitamin D at historic levels. Like the first-line treatment for many autoimmune diagnoses, the corticosteroid Prednisone, vitamin D temporarily reduces symptoms of disease, but long-term use dramatically increases the odds of disease relapse.(({{pmid>long:9118698}}))
  
 In practice, widespread and systematic supplementation of vitamin D may serve to drive a kind of self-fulfilling prophesy. When whole populations are given large amounts of vitamin D, the only members of that population who remain "deficient" are those whose immune systems are fighting disease by actively downregulating 25-D. In other words, the more rigorously vitamin D is added to milk, juice, snack bars, and breakfast cereals, the less likely it is that someone has low levels of vitamin D but no chronic disease. In practice, widespread and systematic supplementation of vitamin D may serve to drive a kind of self-fulfilling prophesy. When whole populations are given large amounts of vitamin D, the only members of that population who remain "deficient" are those whose immune systems are fighting disease by actively downregulating 25-D. In other words, the more rigorously vitamin D is added to milk, juice, snack bars, and breakfast cereals, the less likely it is that someone has low levels of vitamin D but no chronic disease.
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 ===== Supplemental vitamin D given to healthy people ===== ===== Supplemental vitamin D given to healthy people =====
  
-According to the Marshall Pathogenesis, limited amounts of vitamin D //may// be helpful for a time to healthy people. Because the body is able to properly regulate the VDR, ingested vitamin D is rapidly converted into 1,25-D, which activates the VDR. This may explain the one (barely) significant finding from a 2011 Cochrane systematic review.(({{pubmed>long:21735411}}))  ([[home:pathogenesis:vitamind:cancer#randomized_controlled_trials_of_vitamin_d_intake|Publication bias]] may have also tilted the findings towards intervention.) However, this is certainly no basis for forced fortification.+According to the Marshall Pathogenesis, limited amounts of vitamin D //may// be helpful for a time to healthy people. Because the body is able to properly regulate the VDR, ingested vitamin D is rapidly converted into 1,25-D, which activates the VDR. This may explain the one (barely) significant finding from a 2011 Cochrane systematic review.(({{pmid>long:21735411}}))  ([[home:pathogenesis:vitamind:cancer#randomized_controlled_trials_of_vitamin_d_intake|Publication bias]] may have also tilted the findings towards intervention.) However, this is certainly no basis for forced fortification.
  
  
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 ===== Learn more ===== ===== Learn more =====
  
-  * [[http://bacteriality.com/2009/08/10/iom/|Second-guessing the consensus on vitamin D]] – a critical analysis of research used to support increasing population-wide levels of vitamin D supplementation+  * [[https://bacteriality.com/2009/08/10/iom/|Second-guessing the consensus on vitamin D]] – a critical analysis of research used to support increasing population-wide levels of vitamin D supplementation
   *    * 
-  * [[http://www.rt.com/news/russia-muslim-sect-satarov-213/|Children born and living without sunlight]] – In 2012, it was learned that 27 children had been living underground as members of a Muslim sect. Many had lived there for their entire lives and had never seen daylight. The conditions of these children was pronounced as "satisfactory" by pediatricians.+  * [[https://www.rt.com/news/russia-muslim-sect-satarov-213/|Children born and living without sunlight]] – In 2012, it was learned that 27 children had been living underground as members of a Muslim sect. Many had lived there for their entire lives and had never seen daylight. The conditions of these children was pronounced as "satisfactory" by pediatricians.
   *    * 
-  * [[http://www2.macleans.ca/2011/10/12/the-truth-about-vitamin-d/|The Truth About Vitamin D]] – plain language summary of the evidence for vitamin D, as of 2011+  * [[https://www2.macleans.ca/2011/10/12/the-truth-about-vitamin-d/|The Truth About Vitamin D]] – plain language summary of the evidence for vitamin D, as of 2011
   * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8CL32dGJC4|video - What More Is There To Discover About Vitamin-D?]]   * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8CL32dGJC4|video - What More Is There To Discover About Vitamin-D?]]
  
  
 {{tag>Pathogenesis}} {{tag>Pathogenesis}}
 +<nodisp>
 ===== Notes and comments ===== ===== Notes and comments =====
  
- * [[http://www.medconnect.com.au/tabid/84/s2/Endocrinology/p6/Parathyroid/ct1/c335474/Skepticism-Grows-Regarding-Widespread-Vitamin-D-Supplementation/Default.aspx|Skepticism Grows Regarding Widespread Vitamin D Supplementation]]+//broken link// 
 +[[https://www.topix.net/forum/health/lyme-disease/TLR5VKTCM71F9PEAP|Vitamin D Intolerance]] – "I get sick as a dog." Lyme and autoimmune patients commiserate with one another over feeling worse after taking vitamin D.  
 + 
 + * [[https://www.medconnect.com.au/tabid/84/s2/Endocrinology/p6/Parathyroid/ct1/c335474/Skepticism-Grows-Regarding-Widespread-Vitamin-D-Supplementation/Default.aspx|Skepticism Grows Regarding Widespread Vitamin D Supplementation]]
 No longer a working link :-( No longer a working link :-(
  
-http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/753924  discussion of studies+https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/753924  discussion of studies
 found for Ref.#18 in Cardiovascular disease, one with results expected 2016/7  SOURCING found for Ref.#18 in Cardiovascular disease, one with results expected 2016/7  SOURCING
  
-This challenges the entire concept of vitamin D “deficiency” and helps explain why many patients with inflammatory disease present with low levels of 25-D even when they are consuming large amounts of the secosteroid or are exposed to abundant sunlight.(({{pubmed>long:10919943}})) (({{pubmed>long:19349547}}))+This challenges the entire concept of vitamin D “deficiency” and helps explain why many patients with inflammatory disease present with low levels of 25-D even when they are consuming large amounts of the secosteroid or are exposed to abundant sunlight.(({{pmid>long:10919943}})) (({{pmid>long:19349547}}))
  
  
  
-<blockquote>Read [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2794851/?tool=pubmed|full text]]! Includes info about rickets, etc.+<blockquote>Read [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2794851/?tool=pubmed|full text]]! Includes info about rickets, etc.
  
  
 Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2009 Nov 19;5(1):8. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2009 Nov 19;5(1):8.
  
-Introduction of oral vitamin D supplementation and the rise of the allergy pandemic.(({{pubmed>long:20016691}}))+Introduction of oral vitamin D supplementation and the rise of the allergy pandemic.(({{pmid>long:20016691}}))
  
 Wjst M. Wjst M.
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 Some good studies here? Some good studies here?
-  * http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/vitamins/vitaminD/index.html#rda +  * https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/vitamins/vitaminD/index.html#rda 
-  * http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/vitamind.asp+  * https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/vitamind.asp
  
  
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 From: Bane From: Bane
 Date: 2011-11-01 16:27:18 Date: 2011-11-01 16:27:18
-Reply: http://www.marshallprotocol.com/reply.php?topic_id=13718+Reply: https://www.marshallprotocol.com/reply.php?topic_id=13718
  
  
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-http://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2011/10/vitamind+https://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2011/10/vitamind
  
  
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 </blockquote> </blockquote>
  
-===== References =====+===== References =====</nodisp> 
home/pathogenesis/vitamind.1550094095.txt.gz · Last modified: 02.13.2019 by sallieq
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