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home:physicians:vitamin_d_leaflet [06.11.2018] – [Therapeutic ranges for Immunostimulation, and to determine if active Immunosuppression is present] sallieqhome:physicians:vitamin_d_leaflet [06.11.2018] – [Humans Are Not Tall Mice Without Tails!] sallieq
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 ..is the body's first line of defense against, and non-specific way for responding to bacterial pathogens. Located in the nucleus of a variety of cells, the Vitamin D nuclear receptor (VDR) plays a crucial, often under-appreciated, role in the innate immune response.    ..is the body's first line of defense against, and non-specific way for responding to bacterial pathogens. Located in the nucleus of a variety of cells, the Vitamin D nuclear receptor (VDR) plays a crucial, often under-appreciated, role in the innate immune response.   
        
-When functioning properly, the VDR transcribes between hundreds and thousands of genes including those for the proteins known as the antimicrobial peptides.   6+When functioning properly, the VDR transcribes between hundreds and thousands of genes including those for the proteins known as the antimicrobial peptides.   //6//
  
-Antimicrobial peptides are the body's natural antibiotics, crucial for both prevention and clearance of infection. The VDR also expresses the TLR2 receptor, which is expressed on the surface of certain cells and recognizes foreign substances.   2+Antimicrobial peptides are the body's natural antibiotics, crucial for both prevention and clearance of infection. The VDR also expresses the TLR2 receptor, which is expressed on the surface of certain cells and recognizes foreign substances.   //2//
  
 ==== The body controls activity of the VDR through regulation of the Vitamin D Metabolites ==== ==== The body controls activity of the VDR through regulation of the Vitamin D Metabolites ====
    
  
-Although early stage autoimmune disease often succumbs to antibiotic therapy, antibiotics appear to lose utility as disease progresses. Recent sequencing of microbial DNA has confirmed that some pathogens ensure their persistence by reducing expression of, and transcription by, the VDR nuclear receptor, which is at the heart of the human innate immune system.  8,   10+Although early stage autoimmune disease often succumbs to antibiotic therapy, antibiotics appear to lose utility as disease progresses. Recent sequencing of microbial DNA has confirmed that some pathogens ensure their persistence by reducing expression of, and transcription by, the VDR nuclear receptor, which is at the heart of the human innate immune system. // 8,   10//
  
 Only in homo sapiens is the VDR responsible for expression of the Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, the primary defene of the intra-phagocytic innate immune system.   Only in homo sapiens is the VDR responsible for expression of the Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, the primary defene of the intra-phagocytic innate immune system.  
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 Importantly, the innate immune functions of the VDR are unique to Homo sapiens. In Homo sapiens, and only in Homo sapiens, there is one nuclear receptor, the VDR, which expresses genes for TLR2, as well as the cathelicidin and beta-defensin anti-microbial peptides, all of these are essential to the intracellular innate immune defences.   Importantly, the innate immune functions of the VDR are unique to Homo sapiens. In Homo sapiens, and only in Homo sapiens, there is one nuclear receptor, the VDR, which expresses genes for TLR2, as well as the cathelicidin and beta-defensin anti-microbial peptides, all of these are essential to the intracellular innate immune defences.  
  
-You cannot study the vitamin D receptor in mice, how it relates to the immune system, and expect it to translate to Homo sapiens. Whereas in man the VDR transcribes cathelicidin, which is the primary anti-microbial producing peptides that protect the phagocytes themselves. And TLR2, the primary toll-like receptor which detects pathogens inside the macrophages, there is no such homology in mice.  9 +You cannot study the vitamin D receptor in mice, how it relates to the immune system, and expect it to translate to Homo sapiens. Whereas in man the VDR transcribes cathelicidin, which is the primary anti-microbial producing peptides that protect the phagocytes themselves. And TLR2, the primary toll-like receptor which detects pathogens inside the macrophages, there is no such homology in mice.  //9// 
  
 In mice, there are other receptors, and other genes that do that. Even the higher primates do not emulate the cathelicidin innate immunity of Homo sapiens.  In mice, there are other receptors, and other genes that do that. Even the higher primates do not emulate the cathelicidin innate immunity of Homo sapiens. 
home/physicians/vitamin_d_leaflet.txt · Last modified: 09.14.2022 by 127.0.0.1
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