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--- home:symptoms:skin [08.29.2012] – [Skin microbiome] paulalbert
+++ home:symptoms:skin [09.02.2012] – paulalbert
@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 ====== Skin conditions     ======
-  * edema (swelling)
-  * lumps
-  * pruritus (itchiness)
-  * rash
-  * vitilligo
-  * shingles
-  * odor
 ===== Skin microbiome =====
-<blockquote>Title:Chemical ecology of interactions between human skin microbiota and mosquitoes(({{pubmed>long:20840217}}))
+A decade ago, Chiller //et al.// concluded, “The skin is a poor media for bacteria given the large number of inherent defense mechanisms.”(({{pubmed>long:11924823}})) This assessment was undermined seven years later by Fierer //et al//.’s work, which found that the average human palm harbors at least 150 bacterial species – an order of magnitude greater than previous estimates.(({{pubmed>long:19004758}})) A 2009 //Science// study expanded on this understanding of microbial diversity in skin, showing that forearms and underarms, though located just a short distance apart, are as “ecologically dissimilar as rainforests are to deserts.”(({{pubmed>long:19478181}})) Trillions of bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and small arthropods colonize the skin surface, collectively comprising the skin microbiome.(({{pubmed>long:22189793}})) One prominent researcher [[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/6333137.stm|called]] human skin a "virtual zoo of bacteria."(({{pubmed>long:17293459}}))
-Authors:
+Novel insights are being revealed about the extent to which skin microbiota affects health. For example, odors produced by skin microbiota are attractive to mosquitoes as shown by //in vitro// studies, and variation in bacterial species on the human skin may explain the variation in mosquito attraction between humans.(({{pubmed>long:20840217}}))
-Verhulst, NO; Takken, W; Dicke, M; Schraa, G; Smallegange, RC
-Author Full Names:
-Verhulst, Niels O.; Takken, Willem; Dicke, Marcel; Schraa, Gosse; Smallegange, Renate C.
-Source:
+===== Types =====
-FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY 74 (1): 1-9 OCT 2010
-Language:
+  * atopic dermatitis
-English
+  * edema (swelling)
+  * lumps
-Document Type:
+  * lupus pernio
-Review
+  * odor
-Author Keywords:
-skin microbiota; disease vectors; HLA; volatiles; odours; Anopheles gambiae
-KeyWords Plus:
-HUMAN AXILLARY ODOR; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; HUMAN-BODY ODOR; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; AEDES-AEGYPTI; MATING PREFERENCES; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; MALARIA MOSQUITOS
-Abstract:
-Microbiota on the human skin plays a major role in body odour production. The human microbial and chemical signature displays a qualitative and quantitative correlation. Genes may influence the chemical signature by shaping the composition of the microbiota. Recent studies on human skin microbiota, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, found a high inter- and intrapersonal variation in bacterial species on the human skin, which is relatively stable over time. Human body odours mediate the attraction of mosquitoes to their blood hosts. Odours produced by skin microbiota are attractive to mosquitoes as shown by in vitro studies, and variation in bacterial species on the human skin may explain the variation in mosquito attraction between humans. Detailed knowledge of the ecology and genetics of human skin microbiota is needed in order to unravel the evolutionary mechanisms that underlie the interactions between mosquitoes and their hosts.
-</blockquote>
-<blockquote>Genome Res. 2008 Jul;18(7):1043-50. Epub 2008 May 23.
-A diversity profile of the human skin microbiota.
-Grice EA, Kong HH, Renaud G, Young AC; NISC Comparative Sequencing Program, Bouffard GG, Blakesley RW, Wolfsberg TG, Turner ML, Segre JA.
-Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
-Abstract
-The many layers and structures of the skin serve as elaborate hosts to microbes, including a diversity of commensal and pathogenic bacteria that contribute to both human health and disease. To determine the complexity and identity of the microbes inhabiting the skin, we sequenced bacterial 16S small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes isolated from the inner elbow of five healthy human subjects. This analysis revealed 113 operational taxonomic units (OTUs; "phylotypes") at the level of 97% similarity that belong to six bacterial divisions. To survey all depths of the skin, we sampled using three methods: swab, scrape, and punch biopsy. Proteobacteria dominated the skin microbiota at all depths of sampling. Interpersonal variation is approximately equal to intrapersonal variation when considering bacterial community membership and structure. Finally, we report strong similarities in the complexity and identity of mouse and human skin microbiota. This study of healthy human skin microbiota will serve to direct future research addressing the role of skin microbiota in health and disease, and metagenomic projects addressing the complex physiological interactions between the skin and the microbes that inhabit this environment.
-PMID: 18502944
-Many lines of evidence suggest a role for microorganisms even in noninfectious skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD; eczema), rosacea, psoriasis, and acne (Holland et al. 1977; Thomsen et al. 1980;Till et al. 2000; Paulino et al. 2006).</blockquote>
-<blockquote>
-Title:
-Skin Microbiome: Looking Back to Move Forward
-Authors:
-Kong, HH; Segre, JA
-Author Full Names:
-Kong, Heidi H.; Segre, Julia A.
-Source:
-JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY, 132 (3):933-939; Part 2 10.1038/jid.2011.417 MAR 2012
-Language:
-English
-Document Type:
-Review
-KeyWords Plus:
-STAPHYLOCOCCUS-EPIDERMIDIS; BACTERIAL BIOTA; BODY HABITATS; DIVERSITY; INFECTIONS; DEFENSE; DISEASE; PROJECT; LESIONS; FOOT
-Abstract:
-Trillions of bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and small arthropods colonize the skin surface, collectively comprising the skin microbiome. Generations of researchers have classified these microbes as transient versus resident, beneficial versus pathogenic, and collaborators versus adversaries. Culturing and direct sequencing of microbial inhabitants identified distinct populations present at skin surface sites. Herein, we explore the history of this field, describe findings from the current molecular sequencing era, and consider the future of investigating how microbes and antimicrobial therapy contribute to human health.
-</blockquote>
-===== Types =====
   * psoriasis
+  * rash and itching (pruritus)
+  * shingles
   * vitilligo
-  * lupus pernio
-– rash and itching
-– lumps
-Evidence of infectious cause
-   Fierer
-Management
-Patients experiences
-===== Atopic dermatitis =====
+==== Atopic dermatitis ====
 <blockquote>
@@ Line 126: / Line 52: @@
-===== Vitiligo =====
+==== Vitiligo ====
 The skin symptom of vitilligo has been reported by persons on the MP. Some have reported improvement while on the MP. It may simply be another symptom of autoimmune disease.
@@ Line 134: / Line 60: @@
   * [[http://tinyurl.com/4v47d |Cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases]]
   * [[http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/356/12/1216 |NALP1 in Vitiligo-Associated Multiple Autoimmune Disease]]: Conclusions DNA sequence variants in the NALP1 region are associated with the risk of several epidemiologically associated autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, implicating the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of these disorders.
-  *
@@ Line 174: / Line 100: @@
-===== Cutaneous manifestations of immunopathology =====
+===== Manifestations of immunopathology =====
 Cutaneous immunopathology
@@ Line 431: / Line 357: @@
 ==== Itchy scalp ====
-<blockquote>
+<blockquote>I had lots of itching and breaking out (skin sarcs) got worse...all herx sxs. Benadryl cream (slathered entire areas) and 2% Ketoconzole cream (treated spots only) worked great to relieve the itching for me...also used Nizoral shampoo for an itchy scalp with total success.
-//****, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
+//**DNStog**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
-I had lots of itching and breaking out (skin sarcs) got worse...all herx sxs. Benadryl cream (slathered entire areas) and 2% Ketoconzole cream (treated spots only) worked great to relieve the itching for me...also used Nizoral shampoo for an itchy scalp with total success. ~DNStog
-==== Psoriasis ====
-<blockquote>I've had lots of experience with psoriasis (which looks like sarc lesions, BTW). I've found a cream that helps it feel better. It's a combo of mango and shea butter that I buy at Walmart, made by Tree Hut. It's very soothing.
+==== Raw skin lesions ====
-//**Reenie**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
+<blockquote>I've had good results applying Campho-Phenique (for lip Cold Sores) on my raw skin lesions when not able to use Benadryl. This OTC medicine stops the itching and burning fast.
+//**Donna**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
-==== Raw skin lesions ====
-<blockquote>
-//****, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
+==== Scars, skin tags and moles ====
+<blockquote>I have several scars on my hands that have turned a little brown some of them even a little red. One of them has been there since I was a kid and it is even starting to level out it used to stick up a little bit. I've had fifteen or more skin tags fall off. I've had small moles disappear and my larger ones are about the size of my small ones. Mine all started improving in the higher up on phase two. I am having all kind of crazy stuff on my skin happen right now dark spots coming and going, rashes, try spots but none of it is lasting more than a couple weeks.
+//**Ival**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
-I've had good results applying Campho-Phenique (for lip Cold Sores) on my raw skin lesions when not able to use Benadryl. This OTC medicine stops the itching and burning fast. ~Donna
+<blockquote>About a month ago I had a mole on my arm just turn to a sort of sludge and dissapear. It felt itchy one day and I just wiped it off with a handkerchief. It left a small hole (about 6mm by 9mm), very clean on the bottom, and that healed up quickly and looks like it will leave no scar. I'm assuming my immune system took a dislike to this mole!
-Scars, skin tags and moles
+Just FYI, the other two chronic lesions on my arms have also healed since I started the MP (they were sores that scarred up, then they would crack open and bleed spontaneously and then erode to a sore again, over and over for about 3 years) There is a very little scarring there now, but it's just a mark and not the thick knob of scar that it used to form between breakouts. ~Knochen
-I have several scars on my hands that have turned a little brown some of them even a little red. One of them has been there since I was a kid and it is even starting to level out it used to stick up a little bit. I've had fifteen or more skin tags fall off. I've had small moles disappear and my larger ones are about the size of my small ones. Mine all started improving in the higher up on phase two. I am having all kind of crazy stuff on my skin happen right now dark spots coming and going, rashes, try spots but none of it is lasting more than a couple weeks. ~Ival
+A few days ago I noticed several small red, raw spots on the side of my face.  I wondered how they got there.  Only today did I recall that these are at the sites of some tiny moles (I prefer to call them beauty marks).
+//**Carol**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
-About a month ago I had a mole on my arm just turn to a sort of sludge and dissapear. It felt itchy one day and I just wiped it off with a handkerchief. It left a small hole (about 6mm by 9mm), very clean on the bottom, and that healed up quickly and looks like it will leave no scar. I'm assuming my immune system took a dislike to this mole!
-Just FYI, the other two chronic lesions on my arms have also healed since I started the MP (they were sores that scarred up, then they would crack open and bleed spontaneously and then erode to a sore again, over and over for about 3 years) There is a very little scarring there now, but it's just a mark and not the thick knob of scar that it used to form between breakouts. ~Knochen
-A few days ago I noticed several small red, raw spots on the side of my face.  I wondered how they got there.  Only today did I recall that these are at the sites of some tiny moles (I prefer to call them beauty marks). ~Carol
 Hypopigmentation
@@ Line 479: / Line 403: @@
 Many of the white areas on my skin have disappeared! ~Alayne
@@ Line 511: / Line 431: @@
 those very itchy, scabby patches are completely gone. ~Adrianne
 Bunion
@@ Line 587: / Line 511: @@
 ==== Improvements in skin conditions ====
--Another great thing that is happening to me is my granulomatous raised red skin lesions that had covered 80% of by body has literally cleared up. It's flattened out and browned back to nearly my original olive skin colour.
+<blockquote>Another great thing that is happening to me is my granulomatous raised red skin lesions that had covered 80% of by body has literally cleared up. It's flattened out and browned back to nearly my original olive skin colour.
 All this has made me contact the skin and cancer foundation of Australia where I originally went and got my diagnosis of Sarcoid 8 years ago. I spoke to them and told them about all this. It flew over there heads but they are willing to see me because my case was very interesting for them at the time and I think they want to know how all this stuff works because I'm the living proof of the MP working.~Simon Elrahi
-I had many skin lesions come and go in first year of MP, and just two month ago had a large raised lesion (AK) just slough off and disappear. ~ P.B.
+I had many skin lesions come and go in first year of MP, and just two month ago had a large raised lesion (AK) just slough off and disappear.
+//**P.B.**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
+<blockquote>I have had some interesting changes in areas where I had sun damaged skin. Particularly my neckline and the backs of my hands. At first, the MP seemed to exacerbate the redness in these areas, especially my neckline. For the first two years the skin was very red and irritated. But recently, I've started to notice it feeling much softer to the touch. There seems to be a new layer of fat making the skin feel much softer and the irritation has disappeared. I find myself constantly wanting to touch this skin it is so soft...it is an amazing difference.
+//**Aunt Diana**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
-I have had some interesting changes in areas where I had sun damaged skin. Particularly my neckline and the backs of my hands. At first, the MP seemed to exacerbate the redness in these areas, especially my neckline. For the first two years the skin was very red and irritated. But recently, I've started to notice it feeling much softer to the touch. There seems to be a new layer of fat making the skin feel much softer and the irritation has disappeared. I find myself constantly wanting to touch this skin it is so soft...it is an amazing difference.~ Aunt Diana

home/symptoms/skin.txt · Last modified: 09.14.2022 by 127.0.0.1