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home:symptoms:skin [09.09.2012] – [Notes and comments] paulalberthome:symptoms:skin [09.14.2022] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 =====  Skin microbiome ===== =====  Skin microbiome =====
  
-A decade ago, Chiller //et al.// concluded, “The skin is a poor media for bacteria given the large number of inherent defense mechanisms.”(({{pubmed>long:11924823}})) This assessment was undermined seven years later by Fierer //et al//.’s work, which found that the average human palm harbors at least 150 bacterial species – an order of magnitude greater than previous estimates.(({{pubmed>long:19004758}})) A 2009 //Science// study expanded on this understanding of microbial diversity in skin, showing that forearms and underarms, though located just a short distance apart, are as “ecologically dissimilar as rainforests are to deserts.”(({{pubmed>long:19478181}})) Trillions of bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and small arthropods colonize the skin surface, collectively comprising the skin microbiome.(({{pubmed>long:22189793}})) One prominent researcher [[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/6333137.stm|called]] human skin a "virtual zoo of bacteria."(({{pubmed>long:17293459}})) +A decade ago, Chiller //et al.// concluded, “The skin is a poor media for bacteria given the large number of inherent defense mechanisms.”(({{pmid>long:11924823}})) This assessment was undermined seven years later by Fierer //et al//.’s work, which found that the average human palm harbors at least 150 bacterial species – an order of magnitude greater than previous estimates.(({{pmid>long:19004758}})) A 2009 //Science// study expanded on this understanding of microbial diversity in skin, showing that forearms and underarms, though located just a short distance apart, are as “ecologically dissimilar as rainforests are to deserts.”(({{pmid>long:19478181}})) Trillions of bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and small arthropods colonize the skin surface, collectively comprising the skin microbiome.(({{pmid>long:22189793}})) One prominent researcher [[https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/6333137.stm|called]] human skin a "virtual zoo of bacteria."(({{pmid>long:17293459}})) 
  
-Novel insights are being revealed about the extent to which skin microbiota affects health. For example, odors produced by skin microbiota are attractive to mosquitoes as shown by //in vitro// studies, and variation in bacterial species on the human skin may explain the variation in mosquito attraction between humans.(({{pubmed>long:20840217}}))+Novel insights are being revealed about the extent to which skin microbiota affects health. For example, odors produced by skin microbiota are attractive to mosquitoes as shown by //in vitro// studies, and variation in bacterial species on the human skin may explain the variation in mosquito attraction between humans.(({{pmid>long:20840217}}))
  
  
 ===== Immune response and skin disease ===== ===== Immune response and skin disease =====
  
-In human skin antimicrobial peptide (AMP) are produced mainly by keratinocytes, neutrophils, sebocytes or sweat glands and are either expressed constantly or after an inflammatory stimulus.(({{pubmed>long:18782030}})) As Schittek //et al.// explain, in several human skin diseasess, there is an inverse correlation between severity of the disease and the level of AMP production. Skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis show a diminished expression of the beta-defensins and the cathelicidin LL-37 (both of which are strongly expressed by the Vitamin D Receptor). Furthermore, these patients have a reduced amount of the AMP dermcidin in their sweat which correlates with an impaired innate defense of human skin //in vivo//. In addition, decreased levels of AMPs are associated with burns and chronic wounds. In contrast, overexpression of AMPs can lead to increased protection against skin infections as seen in patients with psoriasis and rosacea, inflammatory skin-diseases which rarely result in superinfection. In other skin diseases, e.g. in patients with acne vulgaris, increased levels of AMPs are often found in inflamed or infected skin areas indicating a role of these peptides in the protection from infection. These data indicate that AMPs have a therapeutical potential as topical anti-infectives in several skin diseases.(({{pubmed>long:18782030}}))+In human skin antimicrobial peptide (AMP) are produced mainly by keratinocytes, neutrophils, sebocytes or sweat glands and are either expressed constantly or after an inflammatory stimulus.(({{pmid>long:18782030}})) As Schittek //et al.// explain, in several human skin diseases, there is an inverse correlation between severity of the disease and the level of AMP production. Skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis show a diminished expression of the beta-defensins and the cathelicidin LL-37 (both of which are strongly expressed by the Vitamin D Receptor). Furthermore, these patients have a reduced amount of the AMP dermcidin in their sweat which correlates with an impaired innate defense of human skin //in vivo//. In addition, decreased levels of AMPs are associated with burns and chronic wounds. In contrast, overexpression of AMPs can lead to increased protection against skin infections as seen in patients with psoriasis and rosacea, inflammatory skin-diseases which rarely result in superinfection. In other skin diseases, e.g. in patients with acne vulgaris, increased levels of AMPs are often found in inflamed or infected skin areas indicating a role of these peptides in the protection from infection. These data indicate that AMPs have a therapeutical potential as topical anti-infectives in several skin diseases.(({{pmid>long:18782030}}))
  
  
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 <blockquote>Topical steroid creams are available OTC and may be needed to relieve intolerable itching. Use them sparingly. If intolerable itching is not helped by OTC steroid cream, talk to your doctor about a prescription strength topical corticosteroid preparation and use it sparingly. <blockquote>Topical steroid creams are available OTC and may be needed to relieve intolerable itching. Use them sparingly. If intolerable itching is not helped by OTC steroid cream, talk to your doctor about a prescription strength topical corticosteroid preparation and use it sparingly.
  
-All topical corticosteroids are absorbed through the skin and enter the circulation. See for example this report of a person who lost their femoral head joint (hip) due to steroidal cream being applied to the face.(({{pubmed>long:11289593}}))+All topical corticosteroids are absorbed through the skin and enter the circulation. See for example this report of a person who lost their femoral head joint (hip) due to steroidal cream being applied to the face.(({{pmid>long:11289593}}))
  
 All steroids are bad in high dose – they differ only in their efficacy vs dose characteristics. So if you have to use them, then please do it very sparingly. Additionally, any skin that you apply the creams to will not be doing any healing, as the steroid will heavily suppress the immune system in the region it is applied. All steroids are bad in high dose – they differ only in their efficacy vs dose characteristics. So if you have to use them, then please do it very sparingly. Additionally, any skin that you apply the creams to will not be doing any healing, as the steroid will heavily suppress the immune system in the region it is applied.
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 For years, I have been using 100% pure glycerin (from a drug store or health food store). This is the part of many of the best moisturizers that really does the most effective moisturizing. I then add about 1/3 to ½ part water and it makes a nice soothing moisturizer. For years, I have been using 100% pure glycerin (from a drug store or health food store). This is the part of many of the best moisturizers that really does the most effective moisturizing. I then add about 1/3 to ½ part water and it makes a nice soothing moisturizer.
  
-Another place with good products for the sensitive is Special Foods (visit the [[http://www.specialfoods.com|web site]] and click on products or call 703-644-0991), which has a line of lip balms and lotions that only use beeswax, combined with a variety of oils. Their lip balm is still the only kind I can use and you can't believe how valuable it has been to me over the years (my lips used to become cracked and bleed etc.. using every other product, until I discovered this). +Another place with good products for the sensitive is Special Foods (visit the [[https://www.specialfoods.com|web site]] and click on products or call 703-644-0991), which has a line of lip balms and lotions that only use beeswax, combined with a variety of oils. Their lip balm is still the only kind I can use and you can't believe how valuable it has been to me over the years (my lips used to become cracked and bleed etc.. using every other product, until I discovered this). 
  
 For a lotion, they may be rather expensive and perhaps there would be other options for hypoallergenic lotions at a health food store if you want to order it (try needs.com), or just using a hypoallergenic vegetable oil?  You could try more than one option. Also, in case you might have become sensitive to the soap you are using, there is a pure glycerin unscented soap at the health food store that I like called Clearly Natural glycerin soap. For a lotion, they may be rather expensive and perhaps there would be other options for hypoallergenic lotions at a health food store if you want to order it (try needs.com), or just using a hypoallergenic vegetable oil?  You could try more than one option. Also, in case you might have become sensitive to the soap you are using, there is a pure glycerin unscented soap at the health food store that I like called Clearly Natural glycerin soap.
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 <blockquote> <blockquote>
-[[http://www.aubrey-organics.com/|Aubrey Organics]] had some shampoos that I could use in place of soap, and at one point I was tolerating Kirk's Coco Castille bar soap. +[[https://www.aubrey-organics.com/|Aubrey Organics]] had some shampoos that I could use in place of soap, and at one point I was tolerating Kirk's Coco Castille bar soap. 
  
 //**P.B.**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote> //**P.B.**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
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 All this has made me contact the skin and cancer foundation of Australia where I originally went and got my diagnosis of sarcoidosis 8 years ago. I spoke to them and told them about all this. It flew over there heads but they are willing to see me because my case was very interesting for them at the time and I think they want to know how all this stuff works because I'm the living proof of the MP working. All this has made me contact the skin and cancer foundation of Australia where I originally went and got my diagnosis of sarcoidosis 8 years ago. I spoke to them and told them about all this. It flew over there heads but they are willing to see me because my case was very interesting for them at the time and I think they want to know how all this stuff works because I'm the living proof of the MP working.
  
-//**Simon Elrahi**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>+//**Simonc**, MarshallProtocol.com//</blockquote>
  
  
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 +<nodisp>
 ===== Notes and comments ===== ===== Notes and comments =====
  
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 PMID: 17073677 PMID: 17073677
 </blockquote> </blockquote>
-===== References =====+===== References =====</nodisp> 
home/symptoms/skin.txt · Last modified: 09.14.2022 by 127.0.0.1
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