This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.
Both sides previous revisionPrevious revisionNext revision | Previous revision | ||
home:diseases:ibd [03.21.2019] – [Research] sallieq | home:diseases:ibd [09.14.2022] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
---|---|---|---|
Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
===== Introduction ===== | ===== Introduction ===== | ||
- | [[http:// | + | [[https:// |
- | < | + | < |
</ | </ | ||
- | < | + | < |
</ | </ | ||
Line 19: | Line 19: | ||
===== Evidence of infectious cause ===== | ===== Evidence of infectious cause ===== | ||
- | These papers are really helpful.(({{pubmed> | + | These papers are really helpful.(({{pmid> |
- **[[home: | - **[[home: | ||
- | - **Presence of microbes** – Bacteria have long been suspected to be the cause of Crohn' | + | - **Presence of microbes** – Bacteria have long been suspected to be the cause of Crohn' |
- | * L-form bacteria (({{pubmed> | + | * L-form bacteria (({{pmid> |
- | * // | + | * // |
- | * //Chlamydia trachomatis// | + | * //Chlamydia trachomatis// |
- | * //Listeria monocytogenes// | + | * //Listeria monocytogenes// |
- | * // | + | * // |
- | * // | + | * // |
- | * // | + | * // |
De Hertogh //et al// provide a thorough review of the " | De Hertogh //et al// provide a thorough review of the " | ||
- | < | + | < |
Other researchers have come to similar conclusions: | Other researchers have come to similar conclusions: | ||
Line 42: | Line 42: | ||
< | < | ||
- | //**De Chambrunet** et al.// (({{pubmed> | + | //**De Chambrunet** et al.// (({{pmid> |
</ | </ | ||
< | < | ||
- | //**Sokol** et al.// (({{pubmed> | + | //**Sokol** et al.// (({{pmid> |
- | < | + | < |
</ | </ | ||
Line 58: | Line 58: | ||
==== More evidence ==== | ==== More evidence ==== | ||
- | [[http:// | + | [[https:// |
58. El Zaatari FA, Osato MS, Graham DY. Etiology of | 58. El Zaatari FA, Osato MS, Graham DY. Etiology of | ||
Line 68: | Line 68: | ||
- | [[http:// | + | [[https:// |
Line 81: | Line 81: | ||
Am J Clin Pathol. 1989 Mar; | Am J Clin Pathol. 1989 Mar; | ||
Johnson LA, Wirostko E, Wirostko WJ. | Johnson LA, Wirostko E, Wirostko WJ. | ||
- | [[http:// | + | [[https:// |
" | " | ||
Line 130: | Line 130: | ||
Rifaximin is made by Salix Pharmaceuticals, | Rifaximin is made by Salix Pharmaceuticals, | ||
- | One of only five hospitals in California whose nurses have been honored with the prestigious Magnet designation, | + | One of only five hospitals in California whose nurses have been honored with the prestigious Magnet designation, |
- | [[http:// | + | [[https:// |
+ | |||
+ | It is apparently very rare for a patient to actually be allergic to Olmesartan (see Research below). An alternative approach where there is present a confirmed mycobacterial infection was recorded here [[https:// | ||
Line 145: | Line 147: | ||
This presentation explains how those, and the other Defensins, are important, and I think that those of you who track the science will find it very interesting indeed. | This presentation explains how those, and the other Defensins, are important, and I think that those of you who track the science will find it very interesting indeed. | ||
- | The presentation runs for 30 minutes. [[http:// | + | The presentation runs for 30 minutes. [[https:// |
==== Serum levels of ' | ==== Serum levels of ' | ||
Line 152: | Line 154: | ||
BACKGROUND: The active form of vitamin D (1, | BACKGROUND: The active form of vitamin D (1, | ||
- | < | + | < |
Line 159: | Line 161: | ||
SUBJECTS. One hundred and fifty randomly selected patients with IBD from the hospital register and 73 healthy controls. | SUBJECTS. One hundred and fifty randomly selected patients with IBD from the hospital register and 73 healthy controls. | ||
- | < | + | < |
Line 166: | Line 168: | ||
< | < | ||
- | The number of E. coli in situ correlated with the severity of ileal disease (rho 0.621, P<0.001) and invasive E. coli was restricted to inflamed mucosa. E. coli strains isolated from the ileum were predominantly novel in phylogeny, displayed pathogen-like behavior in vitro and harbored chromosomal and episomal elements similar to those described in extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli and pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. These data establish that dysbiosis of the ileal mucosa-associated flora correlates with an ileal Crohn' | + | The number of E. coli in situ correlated with the severity of ileal disease (rho 0.621, P<0.001) and invasive E. coli was restricted to inflamed mucosa. E. coli strains isolated from the ileum were predominantly novel in phylogeny, displayed pathogen-like behavior in vitro and harbored chromosomal and episomal elements similar to those described in extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli and pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. These data establish that dysbiosis of the ileal mucosa-associated flora correlates with an ileal Crohn' |
< | < | ||
Line 178: | Line 180: | ||
- | "It is increasingly apparent that bacteria are playing a role in healthy development, | + | "It is increasingly apparent that bacteria are playing a role in healthy development, |
- | ===== Research | + | ===== |
- | Findings suggest that neither olmesartan nor other ARBs were associated with diarrhea among patients undergoing endoscopy. The spruelike enteropathy recently associated with olmesartan is likely a rare adverse effect and milder presentations are unlikely. | ||
- | In a methotrexate-induced model of intestinal mucositis, olmesartan reduced inflammation and induced enteropathy characterized by severe diarrhea, weight loss, and reduced sucrose activity. | + | < |
+ | <div class=" | ||
- | Development, | + | < |
+ | <div class=" | ||
+ | <div class=" | ||
+ | <div class=" | ||
+ | <div class=" | ||
- | < | + | Lyme disease, irritable |
- | Using a functional peptide cleavage assay it was shown that epithelial cells secreted proteolytic active enzymes and that the functional MMP activity was increased in inflamed IBD mucosa. | + | Read the [[https:// |
- | Our results revealed that colonic epithelial cells express TLR9, a key pattern recognition receptor. Interestingly, | + | < |
- | </blockquote> | + | |
- | ' | ||
- | Butyric acid-producing anaerobic bacteria as a novel probiotic treatment approach for inflammatory bowel disease. | + | <br clear=" |
- | Butyric acid in functional constipation | + | </ |
+ | </html> | ||
- | Butyric acid in irritable bowel syndrome | ||
- | | ||
- | [[https:// | ||
- | [[https:// | + | Interviews of patients with other diseases are [[home:patients: |
- | Biochemistry and Cell Signalling]] | + | |
- | [{{: | ||
+ | {{tag> | ||
+ | ===== Research ===== | ||
+ | Findings suggest that neither olmesartan nor other ARBs were associated with diarrhea among patients undergoing endoscopy. The spruelike enteropathy recently associated with olmesartan is likely a rare adverse effect and milder presentations are unlikely. | ||
- | ===== Patient interviews | + | In a methotrexate-induced model of intestinal mucositis, olmesartan reduced inflammation and induced enteropathy characterized by severe diarrhea, weight loss, and reduced sucrose activity. |
+ | Development, | ||
- | <html> | + | <blockquote> It is now known that epithelial cells have the capacity to secrete and respond to a range of immunological mediators and this suggests that these cells play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Current knowledge about the intestinal epithelium has mainly been obtained using models based on animal cells, transformed human intestinal cell lines and isolated cells from resected colonic bowel segments. Species difference, malignant origin and confounders related to surgery, obviously make these cell models however less applicable for patophysiological studies. |
- | <div class=" | + | |
- | < | + | Using a functional peptide cleavage assay it was shown that epithelial cells secreted proteolytic active enzymes and that the functional MMP activity was increased in inflamed IBD mucosa. |
- | <div class=" | + | |
- | <div class=" | + | |
- | <div class=" | + | |
- | <div class=" | + | |
- | Lyme disease, irritable bowel syndrome/ | + | Our results revealed that colonic epithelial cells express TLR9, a key pattern recognition receptor. Interestingly, the differentiated epithelial cells, which have been exposed to the luminal bacterial flora in vivo, were unresponsive to TLR9 ligand stimulation, |
+ | </ | ||
- | Read the [[http:// | + | ' |
- | < | + | Butyric acid-producing anaerobic bacteria as a novel probiotic treatment approach for inflammatory bowel disease. |
+ | Butyric acid in functional constipation | ||
- | <br clear=" | + | Butyric acid in irritable bowel syndrome |
+ | |||
+ | [[https:// | ||
- | </div> | + | [[https://www.karger.com/ |
- | </html> | + | Biochemistry and Cell Signalling]] |
+ | immune mechanisms and interactions between cells of the immune system and tissue environment (({{pmid> | ||
- | Interviews of patients with other diseases are [[home:patients:patient_interviews|also available]]. | + | [{{:home:diseases:file: |
- | {{tag> | ||
+ | < | ||
===== Notes and comments ===== | ===== Notes and comments ===== | ||
- | (({{pubmed> | + | (({{pmid> |
- | broken link http:// | + | broken link https:// |
- | another, maybe [[http:// | + | another, maybe [[https:// |
< | < | ||
Line 433: | Line 437: | ||
< | < | ||
- | http:// | + | https:// |
Ulcerative Colitis | Ulcerative Colitis | ||
Line 507: | Line 511: | ||
< | < | ||
- | Aberrant expansion of segmented filamentous bacteria in IgA-deficient gut(({{pubmed> | + | Aberrant expansion of segmented filamentous bacteria in IgA-deficient gut(({{pmid> |
The mechanism to maintain homeostasis of the gut microbiota remains largely unknown despite its critical role in the body defense. In the intestines of mice with deficiency of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), the absence of hypermutated IgA is partially compensated for by the presence of large amounts of unmutated IgM and normal expression levels of defensins and angiogenins. We show here a predominant and persistent expansion of segmented filamentous bacteria throughout the small intestine of AID–/– mice. Reconstitution of lamina propria IgA production in AID–/– mice recovered the normal composition of gut flora and abolished the local and systemic activation of the immune system. The results indicate that secretions of IgAs rather than innate defense peptides are critical to regulation of commensal bacterial flora and that the segmented filamentous bacteria antigens are strong stimuli of the mucosal immune system. | The mechanism to maintain homeostasis of the gut microbiota remains largely unknown despite its critical role in the body defense. In the intestines of mice with deficiency of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), the absence of hypermutated IgA is partially compensated for by the presence of large amounts of unmutated IgM and normal expression levels of defensins and angiogenins. We show here a predominant and persistent expansion of segmented filamentous bacteria throughout the small intestine of AID–/– mice. Reconstitution of lamina propria IgA production in AID–/– mice recovered the normal composition of gut flora and abolished the local and systemic activation of the immune system. The results indicate that secretions of IgAs rather than innate defense peptides are critical to regulation of commensal bacterial flora and that the segmented filamentous bacteria antigens are strong stimuli of the mucosal immune system. | ||
Line 516: | Line 520: | ||
< | < | ||
- | Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Jun; | + | Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Jun; |
Schauber J, Rieger D, Weiler F, Wehkamp J, Eck M, Fellermann K, Scheppach W, Gallo RL, Stange EF. | Schauber J, Rieger D, Weiler F, Wehkamp J, Eck M, Fellermann K, Scheppach W, Gallo RL, Stange EF. | ||
Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology cInstitute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Germany. jschauber@ucsd.edu | Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology cInstitute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Germany. jschauber@ucsd.edu | ||
Line 530: | Line 534: | ||
< | < | ||
- | http:// | + | https:// |
Line 594: | Line 598: | ||
After looking at various studies of human intestinal bacteria, Scientific American' | After looking at various studies of human intestinal bacteria, Scientific American' | ||
- | http:// | + | https:// |
</ | </ | ||
Line 600: | Line 604: | ||
< | < | ||
- | Crohn' | + | Crohn' |
Fava F, Danese S. | Fava F, Danese S. | ||
Line 617: | Line 621: | ||
- | < | + | < |
by Swidsinski A, Loening-Baucke V, Herber A | by Swidsinski A, Loening-Baucke V, Herber A | ||
Related Articles | Related Articles | ||
Line 633: | Line 637: | ||
< | < | ||
- | Correlation between the immune responses to collagens type I, III, IV and V and Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients with Crohn' | + | Correlation between the immune responses to collagens type I, III, IV and V and Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients with Crohn' |
Tiwana H, Natt RS, Benitez-Brito R, Shah S, Wilson C, Bridger S, Harbord M, Sarner M, Ebringer A. | Tiwana H, Natt RS, Benitez-Brito R, Shah S, Wilson C, Bridger S, Harbord M, Sarner M, Ebringer A. | ||
Line 647: | Line 651: | ||
This presentation was critical in helping me understand GI disease, it is worth reviewing in the light of what we know now: | This presentation was critical in helping me understand GI disease, it is worth reviewing in the light of what we know now: | ||
- | http:// | + | https:// |
It is from the UCSD Host Defenses conferences in 2006. | It is from the UCSD Host Defenses conferences in 2006. | ||
Then the gene-disease links are tabulated at: | Then the gene-disease links are tabulated at: | ||
- | http:// | + | https:// |
..Trevor.. | ..Trevor.. | ||
Line 721: | Line 725: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | [[http:// | + | [[https:// |
< | < | ||
Farraye FA, Nimitphong H, Stucchi A, Dendrinos K, Boulanger AB, Vijjeswarapu A, Tanennbaum A, Biancuzzo R, Chen TC, Holick MF. | Farraye FA, Nimitphong H, Stucchi A, Dendrinos K, Boulanger AB, Vijjeswarapu A, Tanennbaum A, Biancuzzo R, Chen TC, Holick MF. | ||
Line 848: | Line 852: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | (({{pubmed> | + | (({{pmid> |
+ | |||
+ | ===== References =====</ | ||
- | ===== References ===== |