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home:special:smoking [05.02.2011] – external edit 127.0.0.1 | home:special:smoking [11.12.2011] – [Smoking and prolonged stress decrease production of antimicrobial peptides] paulalbert | ||
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Smoking and prolonged stress have been linked to increased susceptibility to bacterial infection. A 2010 study appearing in //Cell Host and Microbe// shows that this may be caused by a decrease in antimicrobial peptide (AmP) activity as a result of increased stimulation of a neuroendocrine signalling pathway.(({{pubmed> | Smoking and prolonged stress have been linked to increased susceptibility to bacterial infection. A 2010 study appearing in //Cell Host and Microbe// shows that this may be caused by a decrease in antimicrobial peptide (AmP) activity as a result of increased stimulation of a neuroendocrine signalling pathway.(({{pubmed> | ||
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+ | ===== Nicotine interferes with apoptosis ===== | ||
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+ | According to a 2007 review, nicotine acts on immune cells. Although nicotine itself is usually not referred to as a carcinogen, there is ongoing debate whether nicotine functions as a "tumor enhancer." | ||
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===== Sick people are less likely to quit smoking ===== | ===== Sick people are less likely to quit smoking ===== | ||
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Smoking, an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, has also been shown to be an independent risk factor for //C. pneumoniae// | Smoking, an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, has also been shown to be an independent risk factor for //C. pneumoniae// | ||
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+ | ===== Alternatives to smoking ===== | ||
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+ | Certain pharmaceutical preparations such as Nicorette gum contain nicotine for the treatment of tobacco dependence. Because as discussed above, nicotine appears to interfere with immune function, | ||
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